福师《英语写作》（四）

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福师《英语写作》FAQ（四）
一、Topic sentence serves the following purposes:
1）It tells the reader what the paragraph is about, or it tells the reader what to expect in the paragraph.
2）It is usually the most important statement in the paragraph.
3）It contains a controlling idea that commits the paragraph to a specific aspect of the whole work.
二、Unity within a paragraph
A unified paragraph is one in which every sentence is devoted to proving the controlling idea in the topic sentence. All the sentences within the paragraph must be related to the main point. In short, unity is sticking to your subject.
To ensure unity, you must remain in firm control of what you say in the paragraph. Cross out any interesting but irrelevant ideas. For example, if you want to discuss the advantages of students' taking part-time jobs, you may include points such as earning extra pocket money and gaining a sense of independence. You may want to mention the hardships your parents have gone through in giving you financial support. You should, however, resist the temptation of discussing their difficulties because they are not directly related with the main idea of your paragraph. Mere mention is enough. If you give a detailed description of the wrinkles on your mother's face or your father's illness as a result of overwork, your paragraph loses unity.
三、Avoiding Pronoun Shifts
A common problem student writers have is switching different pronouns within the same paragraph. Note that coherence is broken in the paragraph below because it contains a number of pronoun shifts. The writer switches to different personal pronoun sometimes the second person, sometimes the third person, to refer to people in general.

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