吉大《大学英语（一）》第六课拓展资源

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吉大《大学英语（一）》第六课拓展资源
按空间顺序法展开描述的短文
   描述空间的小短文指按物体的空间位置（自左至右、由近到远、由上至下、由下到上、由里到外、由外到里、由中间到两边等顺序）来展开段落。例如：  

My Bedroom
I have a bedroom of my own. It is not very big, but it looks beautiful and is comfortable. The window is opposite the door. The door's color is like wood. Near the door, there is a big white desk. A blue lamp is on the desk. My bed is behind the desk. It is so lovely. There is a clothes closet on the right of the bed. A pink teddy bear is on it. You can see the curtain in my bedroom. There're some pretty flowers on it. That's my bedroom. Do you like it?  
  
   这个段落以空间顺序法描写了一个房间。先从描述窗子开始，接着是门、桌子、床铺和衣柜等，体现了一定的层次性和空间感。
   再来看以下一篇描述大不列颠的地理位置的短文。 Great Britain
Great Britain is an island that lies off the northwest coast of Europe. The nearest country is France which is 20 miles away, from which Great Britain is separated by the English Channel (英吉列海峡). The island is surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean（大西洋） to the west, and the North Sea to the east. It comprises（包含） the mainland of England, Wales（威尔士） and Scotland（苏格兰）. Scotland is in the North, while Wales is in the west. Ireland(爱尔兰), which is also an island, lies off the west coast of Great Britain. It consists of Northern Ireland (北爱尔兰)and the Irish Republic(爱尔兰共和国). Great Britain together with Northern Ireland constitutes the United Kingdom(大不列颠联合王国). Thus, the United Kingdom is composed of four parts. The largest of these is England which is divided into 43 administrative（行政的）counties（县，郡）. The capital city is London which is situated（坐落） in southeast England.

   这个段落主要是采用由外到里的空间顺序法来进行描写的。先从外围描述大不列颠的地理位置，接着从内部仔细介绍它的各个组成部分——英格兰、苏格兰和威尔士的相对位置，同时描述了爱尔兰岛的相对位置，最后作者又特意指出英国首府伦敦的地理位置。  
   描述空间段落写作提示如下：
（1）构成空间关系的过渡词有before, behind, below, between, beyond, farther, in front of , near to, next to, over, under, up, close to等。
（2）空间顺序法常用的过渡词有beyond, above, under, nearby, outside, in here, across, close to, on(to)the left(right), ahead of, in front of, from, adjacent to, against, around, at the bottom, before, behind, below, beneath, between, close at hand, close to down, far, farther, in the center of, in the distance, in the middle of, near to, next to, on the opposite side, opposite to, on top of, over, up等。
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