16春奥鹏福师《现代语言学》在线作业二标准答案
福师《现代语言学》在线作业二一、单选题：
1.( ) is the study of speech, focusing specially on the relation between discourse and its contexts. (满分:2)
A. Pragmatics
B. Discourse analysis
C. Dialectology
D. Morphology
2.( ) is the first stressed syllable in the tone-unit. (满分:2)
A. pre-head
B. head
C. nuclear tail
D. nucleus
3.( ) refers to the primary and commonly accepted meaning of linguistic forms. (满分:2)
A. Lexical meaning
B. Sentential meaning
C. Utterance meaning
D. Literal meaning
4.( )refers to the juxtaposition of two elements which are semantically in opposition(or complementary) to each other (满分:2)
A. Collocation
B. Reiteration
C. Lexical cohesion
D. Coherence
5.( )the main source of energy for speaking, initiating the airflow for speech, hence pulmonic airstream mechanism. (满分:2)
A. Mouth
B. Heart
C. Nose
D. Lung
6.( )of language refers to the property of language in having the structure of two levels. (满分:2)
A. Arbitrariness
B. Genetic-cultural transmission
C. Non-arbitrariness
D. Duality
7.( ) refers to the perceived regularity of prominent units in speech. (满分:2)
A. Loudness
B. Rhythm
C. Tempo
D. Tone
8.( ) refers to regional phonological or phonetic distinctions in speech. (满分:2)
A. Accent
B. Dialect
C. Sentence
D. Utterance
9.( )of language refers to the property of language in having the structure of two levels. (满分:2)
A. Arbitrariness
B. Genetic-cultural transmission
C. Non-arbitrariness
D. Duality
10.'Language has ( ) that distinguish it from other semiotic systems used by humans and animals. (满分:2)
A. function
B. design features
C. importance
D. performance
11.( ) is the study of the various aspects of the relation between language on the one hand and speakers and society on the other. (满分:2)
A. Pragmatics
B. Sociolinguistics
C. Syntax
D. Semantics
12.In the tree diagram( ) is the point from which two or more lines descend. (满分:2)
A. Node
B. Initial node
C. Branching
D. Intermediate node
13.( ) refers to a variety of language which is appropriate for a particular situation (满分:2)
A. register
B. Style
C. genre
D. Form
14.Language has ( ) that distinguish it from other semiotic systems used by humans and animals. (满分:2)
A. function
B. design features
C. importance
D. performance
15.( ) morpheme is a morpheme that contributes to the lexical meaning of the word. (满分:2)
A. Functional
B. Lexical
C. Grammatical
D. Performative
16.The locutionary act( ) refers to the act of saying something meaningful in a particular language (满分:2)
A. illocutionary act
B. locutionary act
C. perlocutionary act
17.The phones that can be grouped together as variants of one phoneme have to be( ) similar (满分:2)
A. phonetically
B. phonologically
C. sound
D. seem
18.'( ) refers to the sameness in meaning between two or more words. (满分:2)
A. Synonymy
B. Polysemy
C. Homonymy
D. Antonymy
19.According to( ), language determines the framework of speaker’s perception and thought. (满分:2)
A. Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis
B. Positivist theory
C. Use theory
D. Speech Acts theory
20.( ) refers to the sameness in meaning between two or more words. (满分:2)
A. Synonymy
B. Polysemy
C. Homonymy
D. Antonymy
21.( ) are a group of words and expressions that refer to the personal, temporal or spatial characteristics of the context within which a text is produced. (满分:2)
A. Nouns
B. Adjectives
C. Verbs
D. Deictics
22.( ) morpheme is a morpheme that contributes to the lexical meaning of the word. (满分:2)
A. Functional
B. Lexical
C. Grammatical
D. Performative
23.( ) is the study of speech, focusing specially on the relation between discourse and its contexts. (满分:2)
A. Pragmatics
B. Discourse analysis
C. Dialectology
D. Morphology
24.( ) refers to the speed of speech. (满分:2)
A. Loudness
B. Stress
C. Tempo
D. Tone
25.( ) is the science that studies how speech sounds are used in language to convey meanings. (满分:2)
A. Phonetics
B. Phonology
C. Morphology
D. Dialectology
三、判断题：
1.Affixation changes the grammatical class of the word. (满分:2)
A. 错误
B. 正确
2.Duality makes it possible for second/foreign language learning (满分:2)
A. 错误
B. 正确
3.'Utterance meaning is context-independent (满分:2)
A. 错误
B. 正确
4.Arbitratiness contributes to language flexibility and versatility and makes it possible for language to be passed on from generation to generation. (满分:2)
A. 错误
B. 正确
5.Utterance meaning is context-independent (满分:2)
A. 错误
B. 正确
6.In speech sound production,lower part of the oral cavity are relatively stable and function as a foil to the upper part in its articulatory movements. (满分:2)
A. 错误
B. 正确
7.Constituency approach is bottom-up in nature. (满分:2)
A. 错误
B. 正确
8.Langue is the language system that speakers of the language conform to in their verbal communication. (满分:2)
A. 错误
B. 正确
9.Sense is the meaning that lies in the relation or contrasts among linguistic forms themselves. (满分:2)
A. 错误
B. 正确
10.Hyponymy(p.226) refers to the sense relation between a more general word and a more specific word. (满分:2)
A. 错误
B. 正确
11.Lingua franca was originally used in Mediterranean commerce in the Middle Ages. (满分:2)
A. 错误
B. 正确
12.Oral cavity is the place where oral, nasal and nasalised oral sounds are shaped. (满分:2)
A. 错误
B. 正确
13.Diachronic linguistics focuses on a particular phase in its development. (满分:2)
A. 错误
B. 正确
14.Substitution refers to the replacement of one item by another in the text and is concerned with the way substitutions realise the grammatical cohesion in the text. (满分:2)
A. 错误
B. 正确
15.'Duality makes it possible for second/foreign language learning (满分:2)
A. 错误
B. 正确
16.Cataphoricreference refers to the reference where the presupposed occurs in the text after the word or expression that is presupposing. (满分:2)
A. 错误
B. 正确
17.The arbitrariness of the relationship between the linguistic symbol and its referent distinguishes human language from animals’ languages. (满分:2)
A. 错误
B. 正确
18.The distinctive feature of place of articulation alone can make necessary distinction between some consonants (满分:2)
A. 错误
B. 正确
19.Stress may play different functions in different languages. (满分:2)
A. 错误
B. 正确
20.Implicature refers to what a speaker implies, suggests, or means, as distinct from what is literally said. (满分:2)
A. 错误
B. 正确
21.Distinctive feature theories use the same set of distinctive features for classifying both consonants and vowels. (满分:2)
A. 错误
B. 正确
22.The critical age for language acquisition refers to the qualitative difference in language acquisition before and after the age around fifteen. (满分:2)
A. 错误
B. 正确
23.A morphological rule is a rule that introduces the morph or allomorphs that match the morpheme concerned. (满分:2)
A. 错误
B. 正确
24.Transformation rules don't have to follow a set order. (满分:2)
A. 错误
B. 正确
25.Different language make use of the same set of speech sounds. (满分:2)
A. 错误
B. 正确
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