15秋学期奥鹏东大（本部）《大学英语(三)》在线作业2
15秋学期《大学英语(三)》在线作业2试卷总分：100 测试时间：--
一、阅读理解（共4道试题，共40分。）
1.
Labor force is defined as being the total number of people who are available to work and earn income. This definition includes everyone who is employed or seeking paid employment, so it includes employees and the self-employed. Labor is one of the country’s resources which can be combined with other resources to produce the goods and services required by the community.
Though the size of the workforce relies on the size of the total population, there are several other aspects which also affect it. The age distribution of the total population has a very marked effect on the available workforce. If the population has a high proportion of very young people or of those too old to work, then the available workforce would be lower than if there were an evenly spread age distribution. If the population grows rapidly from natural increase, i.e. the number of births greatly exceeds the number of deaths, then as a total population increases the proportion in the workforce declines.
Sometimes a population is described as aging, which means the birth rate is either falling or growing very slowly, and as people retire from the workforce there are inadequate numbers of young people entering it to take the place of those who are leaving it. The population is top-heavy with older people. So the percentage of the population in the workforce declines when there is either a rapid increase in births or a falling birth rate.
The age distribution of population has several important influences on the economy. If the population is aging and there is an increase in the number of people retiring without a corresponding increase in the number entering the workforce, this raises the problem of the ability of the economy to provide a reasonable level of social services for the retired group. If the aged are to be cared for in special homes or hotels, finance must be available for that purpose. If the size of the workforce is little relative to the total population, then the government tax receipts are relatively low and either the government has less money available to it or the workforce members have to be taxed more heavily.
1).Labor force is composed of ______.
A.people who are available to work and earn income
B. self-employed people only
C. only those who are looking for an employment
D. only the employees
满分：2分
2).The factor which does NOT influence the size of the workforce is ______.
A. the size of population
B. age distribution of the population
C. national economy
D.natural increase
满分：2分
3).The conclusion which can be drawn safely from the second paragraph is that ______.
A. a population growth from natural increase leads to a greater proportion of the workforce
B. a large population does not necessarily mean a higher proportion of workforce
C. the larger the number of the aged in a population, the higher the proportion of the workforce
D. if the population has an evenly spread age distribution, the work force will belower
满分：2分
4).When a population is said to be aging, ______.
A. more people are retiring than people entering the workforce
B. the birth rate is growing
C. there is an oversupply of workforce
D. young people outnumber old people
满分：2分
5).The population which is top-heavy with older people poses a problem to ______.
A. the government
B. the economy
C.the workforce
D. all of the above
满分：2分
2.April Fool’s Day is traditionally a day to play practical jokes on others, send people on fool’s errands（差事）, and fool the unsuspecting. No one knows how this holiday began but it was thought to have originated in France. The closest point in time that can be identified as the beginning of this tradition was in 1582, in France. New Year was celebrated on March 25 and celebrations lasted until April 1st. When New Year’s Day as changed from March 25 to January 1st in the mid-1560’s by King Charles IX, there were some people who still celebrated it on April 1st and those people were called April Fools.
Tricks performed on April Fool’s Day range from the simple to the elaborate. Setting a roommate’s alarm clock back an hour is common. The news media even gets involved. For instance, a British short film once shown on April Fool’s Day was a fairly detailed documentary about “spaghetti farmers” and how they harvest their crop from the spaghetti trees. Whatever the prank, the trickster usually ends it by yelling to his victim, “April Fool!” April Fool’s Day is a “for-fun-only” observance. Nobody is expected to buy gifts or to take their “significant other” out to eat in a fancy restaurant. Nobody gets off work or school. It’s simply a fun little holiday, but a holiday on which one must remain forever vigilant（警惕的）, for he may be the next April Fool!
Each country celebrates April Fool’s differently. In France, the April Fool’s is called “April Fish”. The French fool their friends by taping a paper fish to their friends’ backs. In England, tricks can be played only in the morning. If a trick is played on you, you are a “noodle”.
1).April Fool’s Day was first celebrated in_________.
A. England
B. America
C. France
D. Rome
满分：2分
2).According to the old calendar, April 1st was_________.
A. April Fool’s Day
B. New Year’s Day
C. New Year’s Eve
D. a regular day
满分：2分
3).Which is NOT the custom of April Fool’s Day
A. Calling victims of tricks April Fools.
B. Playing tricks on somebody.
C. Eating out with their family.
D. Celebrating this day just for fun.
满分：2分
4).It can be inferred that on April Fool’s Day people tend to ______.
A. be on guard
B. feel annoyed
C. feel scared
D. be at their best
满分：2分
5).It can be concluded that ______.
A. those who are mentally slow are called April Fools
B. people have been celebrating April Fool’s Day for well over five centuries
C. the celebration of April Fool’s Day is more or less the same.
D. the celebration of April Fool’s Day varies from country to country
满分：2分
3.The resources of the library can be helpful even when we are doing something very informal, such as trying to devise a better way to measure attitudes toward music or looking for a better way to teach mathematics. The library can be equally helpful when we are doing something very formal, such as writing a dissertation (学位论文) or preparing an article for publication in a professional journal. In either case, our goal should be to use the library as a useful tool to help us understand and solve our problem.
The following sections of this chapter will describe specific resources available in many libraries. In some cases you may already be aware of a resource and may use it frequently and successfully. In other cases you may be completely unfamiliar with a resource. Your goal should be to become aware of what is available and to know how to use each of these resources to help you solve the problem they are designed to solve.
When educators have a piece of information that they want to share with their colleagues, they often make this information available in professional journals or at professional meetings. It would often be useful to have access to such information, and this chapter will describe the special services that enable us to locate such information.
1).The library resources can be helpful when we _______.
A. want to find a better way to measure attitudes toward music
B. are preparing a paper for a professional journal
C. are writing a dissertation
D. All of the above
满分：2分
2).The familiarity of readers with different resources _______.
A. is more or less the same
B. varies slightly
C. differs greatly
D. should not be different
满分：2分
3).The author believes that _______.
A.library resources should be used frequently and completely
B. library resources cannot be made good use of if they are not available to us
C. one is supposed to be aware of the library resources that are usually not available
D. one is supposed to have good knowledge and make good use of resources
满分：2分
4).When educators wish to share some information with their colleagues, they often _______.
A. publish it in a professional journal
B. attend professional meetings
C. get access to it in the library
D. make use of some library services
满分：2分
5).The chapter in question _______.
A. mainly deals with the ways of dissertation writing
B. presents information on publishing papers in professional journals
C. introduces some library services
D.describes some professional meetings
满分：2分
4.When Mrs. Joseph Groeger died recently in Vienna, Austria, people asked the obvious, “Why did she live to be 107” Answers were provided by a survey conducted among 148 Viennese men and women who had reached the age of 100. Somewhat surprising was the fact that the majority had lived most of their lives in cities. In spite of the city’s image as an unhealthy place, city living often provides benefits that county living can lack. One factor seems to be important to the longevity (长寿) of those interviewed.
This factor is exercise. In the cities it is often faster to walk short distances than to wait for a bus. Even taking public transportation often requires some walking. Smaller apartment houses have no elevators (电梯), and so people must climb stairs. City people can usually walk to local supermarkets. Since parking spaces are hard to find, there is often no alternative to walking.
On the other hand, those who live in the country and suburbs do not have to walk every day. In fact, the opposite is often true. To go to school, work, or almost anywhere else, they must ride in cars.
1).The Vienna survey may help to explain _______.
A. the complaints of people in apartment houses
B. the cause of Mrs. Groeger’s death
C. the longevity of people like Mrs. Groeger
D. the image of cities in general
满分：2分
2).The purpose of the second paragraph is to list some _______.
A. benefits of walking
B. occasions for walking in city life
C. comments made by city people
D. problems of city living
满分：2分
3).To reach the third floor of a building, it would probably be most healthful ____.
A.to take the elevator
B. to walk up the stairs
C. to ride in a car
D.to find an alternative to walking
满分：2分
4). People who live in the country probably do more driving than walking because _______.
A. they don’t live near business areas
B. they don’t need the exercise
C.they never have parking problems
D. they can’t afford to take the bus
满分：2分
5).A conclusion that can be drawn from this passage is that _______.
A. air pollution is not serious
B. anyone can live to be 107
C. country people should move to the city
D. walking is a healthful exercise
满分：2分
二、单选题（共15道试题，共45分。）
1.It’s a good way to memorize new words by seeing them ______.
A. properly
B. repeatedly
C. clearly
D. usually
满分：3分
2.---- Hi, is Mary there, please
---- __________________.
A. Hold on. I’ll get her
B. No, she isn’t here
C. Yes, she lives here
D. Yes, what do you want？
满分：3分
3.17. The great amount of rain this autumn had ________ the harvest of cotton.
A. impressed
B. effected
C. dismissed
D. affected
满分：3分
4.________ he worked very hard, he failed to get a satisfactory grade.
A. Despite
B. In spite of
C. No matter how
D. Although
满分：3分
5.Some rare animals are in _____ of dying out.
A. danger
B. endanger
C. threat
D. threaten
满分：3分
6.He’s determined to finish the job _______ long it takes.
A. no matter
B. however
C. wherever
D. whatever
满分：3分
7.She stood by the window, ______.
A. thinks
B. think
C. thought
D. thinking
满分：3分
8.8 In the Chinese household, grandparents and other relatives play ________ roles in raising children.
A. incapable
B.indispensable
C. insensible
D.infinite
满分：3分
9.5. I'd rather have a room of my own, however small it is, than _______ a room with someone else.
A.share
B. to share
C.sharing
D. to have shared
满分：3分
10.The more learned (有学问的) a man is, _________ modest (谦虚的) he is.
A. much
B. the much
C. more
D. the more
满分：3分
11.—Hello, Amy. How’s everything
—_____________
A. Just so so.
B. That’s right.
C. How are you
D. Good to see you.
满分：3分
12.---- Can you come over for dinner with us
---- __________________.
A. I’d like to, but I have a meeting tonight
B. It doesn’t matter
C. No, I don’t like
D. Oh, that sounds well
满分：3分
13.Sometimes, strangers may ask you what you ______ to be personal questions.
A. think
B. suggest
C. mean
D. consider
满分：3分
14.They are planning to have the machine ______.
A. being repaired
B.repaired
C. repairing
D.to be repaired
满分：3分
15.4 Sometimes children have trouble ________ fact from fiction and may believe that such things actually exist.
A.to separate
B. separating
C.for separating
D.of separating
满分：3分
三、完型填空（共1道试题，共15分。）
1.Dentists always ask questions when it is impossible for you to answer. My dentist had just pulled out one of my teeth and told me to rest for a __1__. I tried to say something, but my mouth was full of cotton wool. He knew I __2__ match boxes and asked me whether my collection was growing. In __3__to his questions I either __4__ or made strange noises. Meanwhile, my tongue was busy __5__ out the hole. I suddenly realized he had pulled out the wrong tooth.
1).
A. answer
B. nodded
C. searching
D. while
E. collected
满分：3分
2).
A. answer
B. nodded
C. searching
D. while
E. collected
满分：3分
3).
A. answer
B. nodded
C. searching
D. while
E. collected
满分：3分
4).
A. answer
B. nodded
C. searching
D. while
E. collected
满分：3分
5).
A. answer
B. nodded
C. searching
D. while
E. collected
满分：3分
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