西南大学1806课程考试[0086]《综合英语二》机考大作业
西南大学网络与继续教育学院课程考试试题卷
类别：网教 专业：应用英语/英语教育 2018年6月
课程名称【编号】：综合英语二【0086】 A卷
大作业 满分：100分
I. Reading Comprehension (30 points, 2 points each)
Directions: There are 3 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A. B. C. and D. You should decide on the best choice.
Passage One
As the pace of life continues to increase, we are fast losing the art of relaxation. Once you are in the habit of rushing through life, being on the go from morning till night, it is hard to slow down. But relaxation is essential for a healthy mind and body.
Stress is a natural part of everyday life and there is no way to avoid it. In fact, it is not the bad thing as it is often supposed to be. A certain amount of stress is vital to provide motivation and give purpose to life. It is only when the stress gets out of control that it can lead to poor performance and ill health.
The amount of stress a person can withstand depends very much on the individual. Some people are not afraid of stress, and such characters are obviously prime material for managerial responsibilities. Others lose heart at the first signs of unusual difficulties. When exposed to stress, in whatever form, we react both chemically and physically. In fact, we make choices between “fight” or “flight”, and in more primitive days the choice made the difference between life or death. The crises we meet today are unlikely to be so extreme, but however little the stress, it involves the same response. It is when such a reaction lasts long, through continued exposure to stress, that health becomes endangered. Such serious conditions as high blood pressure and heart disease have established links with stress. Since we cannot remove stress from our lives (it would be unwise to do so even if we could), we need to find ways to deal with it.
1. People are finding less and less time for relaxing themselves because ________.
A. they do not know how to enjoy themselves
B. they do not believe that relaxation is important for health
C. they are travelling fast all the time
D. they are becoming busier
2. According to the writer, the most important character for a good manager is his ________.
A. not fearing stress B. knowing the art of relaxation
C. high sense of responsibility D. having control over performance
3. According to the passage, which of the following statements is true?
A. We can find some ways to avoid stress.
B. Stress is always harmful to people
C. It is easy to change the habit of keeping oneself busy with work.
D. Different people can withstand different amounts of stress.
4. In Paragraph 3, “such a reaction” refers back to ________.
A. choose between “flight” or “fight” B. react to stress both chemically and physically
C. respond to crises quickly D. lose heart when sensing great difficulties
5. In the last sentence of the passage, “do so” refers to ________.
A. expose ourselves to stress B. find ways to deal with stress
C. remove stress from our lives D. establish links between diseases and stress
Passage Two
Today, as in every other day of the year, more than 3,000 American adolescents will smoke their first cigarette on their way to becoming regular smokers as adults. During their lifetime, it can be expected that of these 3,000 about 23 will be murdered, 30 will die in traffic accidents, and nearly 750 will be killed by a smoking-related disease. The number of deaths attributed to cigarette smoking outweighs all other factors, whether voluntary or involuntary, as a cause of death.
Since the late 1970s, when daily smoking among high school seniors reached 30 percent, smoking rates among youth have declined. While the decline is impressive, several important issues must be raised.
First, in the past several years, smoking rates among youth have declined very little. Second, in the late 1970s, smoking among male high school seniors exceeded that among female by nearly 10 percent. The statistic is reversing. Third, several recent studies have indicated high school dropouts have excessively high smoking rates, as much as 75 percent.
Finally, though significant declines in adolescent smoking have occurred in the past decade, no definite reasons for the decline exist. Within this context, the National Cancer Institute (NCI) began its current effort to determine the most effective measures to reduce smoking levels among youth.
6. According to the author, the deaths among youth are mainly caused by ________.
A. traffic accidents B. smoking-related disease
C. murder D. all of these
7.Every day there are over ________ high school students who will become regular smokers.
A. 75 B. 23
C. 30 D. 3,000
8. By “dropout” the author means ________.
A. students who failed the examination B. students who left school
C. students who lost their way D. students who were driven out of school
9. The reason for declining adolescent smoking is that ________.
A. NCI has taken effective measures
B. smoking is prevented among high school seniors
C. there are many smokers who have died of cancer
D. none of these
10. What is implied but not stated by the author is that ________.
A. smoking rates among youth have declined very little
B. there are now more female than male smokers among high school seniors
C. high smoking rates are due to the increase of wealth
D. smokers in high school are from lower socioeconomic background
Passage Three
It's no secret that some of the resolutions that many of us vowed to pursue in the new year ( eat healthily, lose weight, quit smoking, save more money ( have already fallen by the wayside.
Many of them are likely the same resolutions that we abandoned last January. And it's a good thing for those who sell health club memberships, quit-smoking programs and other products that help us think we can improve our lives.
Many gyms see new memberships double in January, making up for the third of their members who do not renew each year.
And many who sign up in January will be no-shows by February.
"If I try one quick fix and it doesn't work, I may be more likely to try the next quick fix," Lisa Lahey, who coaches executives how to sustain behavior change, told The Times.
The Biggest Loser Resort at Fitness Ridge doesn't offer any quick fixes, just a 12-hour schedule full of exercise, a 1200-calories-a-day diet and a fee of $2000 a week. The resort teaches its clients that "weight management" is a combination of fitness, diet and emotional health.
"Given my recent weight gain, and the fact that I was turning 50," Jennifer Conlin wrote in The Times,'' I wanted to start a program that would make 2012 the year I finally got in shape."
"For years, the advice to the overweight people has been that we simply need to eat less and exercise more," Tara Parker-Pope wrote. "While there is truth to this guidance, it fails to take into account that the human body continues to fight against weight loss long after dieting has stopped. This translates into a sobering reality: once we become fat, most of us, despite our best efforts, will probably stay fat."
Of course this revelation, it proven true by further study, is not good news for the weight-loss industry. But chances are it won't have much impact on the human tendency to resolve to get to the gym more and avoid chocolate cake when the clock strikes midnight on December 31.
11. What do we learn from the first paragraph about New Year resolutions?
A. They are hard to sustain. C. They help shed bad habits. B. They test one's strength. D. They promise a good year. 12. Who do New Year resolutions eventually benefit?
A. Society in general. C. Health club members.
B. Business executives. D. Health industries. 13. What is special about the Biggest Loser Resort's weight management program?
A. It gives top priority to emotional health. B. It does not resort to any quick fixes.
C. It focuses on one's behavior change. D. It is not cheap but extremely effective.
14. What happens when people stop dieting?
A. They regain their appetite. C. Their weight bounces back.
B. They usually stay in shape. D. Their health is likely to fail
15. What do people tend to do about New Year resolutions?
A. They keep making them year after year. B. They abandon them once progress is made.
C. They keep trying until they finally succeed. D. They make them for the sake of making them.
II. Cloze (15 points, 1 points each)
Directions: There is one incomplete passage with 15 blanks in this part. For each blank, there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Decide which of the choices would correctly complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blanks.
If you were to begin a new job tomorrow, you would bring with you some basic strengths and weaknesses. Success or1in your work would depend, to a great extent,2your ability to use your strengths and weaknesses to the best advantage.3the utmost importance is your attitude. A person who begins a job convinced that he isn’t going to like it or is4that he is going to ail is exhibiting a weakness which can only hinder his success. On the other hand, a person who is secure 5his belief that he is probably as capable of doing the work as anyone else and who is willing to make a cheerful attempt6 it possesses a certain strength of purpose. The chances are that he will do well. 7the prerequisite skills for a particular job is strength. Lacking those skills is obviously a weakness. A book-keeper who can’t add or a carpenter who can’t cut a straight line with a saw 8hopeless cases. ???? This book has been designed to help you capitalize9the strength and overcome the10that you bring to the job of learning. But in groups to measure your development, you must first11stock of where you stand now.12we get further along in the book, we’ll be13in some detail with specific processes for developing and strengthening learning?skills. However,14begin with, you should pause15examine your present strengths and weaknesses in three areas that are critical to your success or failure in school: your attitude, your reading and communication skills, and your study habits.
1. A. improvement
C. failure
2. A. in
C. of
3. A. Out of
C. To
4. A. ensure
C. sure
5. A. onto
C. off
6. A. near
C. by
7. A. Have
C. Having
8. A. being
C. are
9. A. except
C. for
10. A. idea
C. strength
11. A. make
C. do
12. A. As
C. Over
13. A. deal
C. be dealt
14. A. around
C. from
15. A. to
C. into
B. victory
D. achievement
B. on
D. To
B. Of
D. Into
B. certain
D. surely
B. on
D. in
B. on
D. at
B. Had
D. Had been
B. been
D. is
B. but
D. on
B. weakness
D. advantage
B. take
D. give
B. Till
D. Out
B. dealt
D. dealing
B. to
D. beside
B. on
D. with
III. Translation (30 points)
Section A
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English.
1. 除了费用和孩子问题，我自己也确实不想乘飞机外出。。
2. 对我来说，没有哪一家的服务和膳食能与这儿的相比。
3. 与外国人打交道时，我们必须对他们的文化有所了解。
4. 可以设想，人们总有一天会征服太空。
5. 经过一番心态调整，他们开始喜欢音乐与绘画了。
6. 她完全沉浸在书中境界里，连敲门声也没听见。
7．如果他能戒烟，那对他来说将是个良好的开端。
8．抱怨自己运气不好是没用的，你应该鼓起勇气尽力工作。
9. 没有作好充分的准备我是不愿意去的。
10. 鼓励学生参加课堂讨论是现在教师的通常做法。
Section B
Directions: Translate the following short passage into Chinese.
Every normal person is expert in the skill of pronouncing his own language, but few people are even moderately proficient at pronouncing foreign languages.Now there are many reasons for this, some obvious, some perhaps not so obvious. But I suggest that the fundamental reason why people in general do not speak foreign languages very much better than they do is that they fail to grasp the true nature of the problem of learning to pronounce, and consequently never set about tackling it in the right way.
IV. Writing (25 points)
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition of 200 words or so based on the following topic.
How to Get Rid of Bad Habits
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