北京语言大学21秋《阅读（II）》作业1
21秋《阅读（II）》作业1试卷总分100得分100
北京语言大学21秋在线作业
第1题MostAmericansthinkthaticecreamisasAmericanasbaseballandapplepieButicecreamwasknownlongbeforeAmericanwasdiscoveredTheRomanemperorNeromayhavemadeakingoficecreamHehiredhundredsofmentobringsnowandicefromthemountainsHeusedittomakecolddrinksTravelerMarcoPolobroughtbackrecipesforchilledandfrozenmilkfromChinaHundredsofyearslatericecreamreachedEnglandItissaidthatKingCharlesIenjoyedthattreatverymuchThereisastorythathebribedhiscooktokeeptherecipeforicecreamaroyalsecretTodayicecreamisknownthroughouttheworldAmericansaloneeatmorethantwobillionquartsayear问题MarcoPoloisknownas
A、aRomanemperor
B、theinventoroficecream
C、aroyalcook
D、atravelertoChina
正确答案
第2题TheinventorofspectaclesprobablylivedinthetownofParisItalyaround1286andwasalmostcertainlyacraftsmanworkinginglassButnobodyknowshisnameWeonlyknowthismuchabouthimbecauseFriarGiordanepreachedasermononeWednesdaymorninginFebruary1306atachurchinFlorenceIt＇snotyet20yearssincetherewasfoundtheartofmakingeyeglasseswhichmakeforgoodvisionsaidtheFriarOneofthebestartsandmostnecessarythattheworldhasSoshortatimeisitsincetherewasinventedanewartthatneverexistedIhaveseenthemanwhofirstinventedandcreateditandIhavetalkedtohimWeknowwhatFriarGiordanesaidbecauseadmirerscopiedhissermonsdownashegavethemTheinventorofspectaclesapparentlykeptthemethodofmakingthemtohimselfPerhapshethoughtthiswasthebestwayofgettingmoneyfromhisinventionButtheideasoongotaroundAsearlyas1300craftsmeninVenicethecentreofEurope＇sglassindustryweremakingthenewdisksfortheeyesSpectaclesatfirstwereonlyshapedforfarsightedpeopleConcavelensesforshortsightedpeoplewerenotdevelopeduntilthelate15thcenturySpectaclesallowedpeopletogoonreadingandstudyinglongafterbadeyesightwouldnormallyhaveforcedthemtogiveupTheywerelikeanewpairofeyesTheinventorofsuchavaluablethingshouldbehonoredeveryonethoughtButforcenturiesnoonehadanyideawhotheinventorreallywasSoallkindsofcandidateswereputforwardDutchEnglishGermanItaliansfromrivalcitiesAfakememorialwaserectedlastcenturyinachurchinFlorencetohonoramanasthetrueinventorofspectaclesbutheneverevenexisted问题Thefirstrecordofthespectaclesistobefoundin
A、newspapers
B、churchsermons
C、tradereports
D、praisesofJordan
正确答案
第3题Hemingwaywasbornin1899inOakParkIllinoisaprosperoussuburbofChicagoHisfatheraphysicianwasanenthusiastichunterandfishemanwhotaughthissontohandlearodandagunHemingwaysrespectfortheseskillsandhisloveoftheopenairrunthroughhiswritingHehastiredtocapturethepointofviewactionsfeelingsandspeechofmenwhoexcelintheactivitiesheadmiresInschoolHemingwaywasagoodstudentwithawiderangeofinterestsbeyondtheclassroomHewasknownasaboxerafootballplayeramemberoftheswimmingteamandmanagerofthetrackteamFor3yearsheplayedintheschoolorchestraButmuchofhisactivitywasconnectedwithwordswhichweretobehislifelongpreoccupationFirstasreporterthenaseditorhegainedexperienceontheschoolpapertowhichhecontributedarticlesandstoriesWhenHemingwaygraduatedfromhighschoolin1917WorldWarIwasstillbeingfoughtAfterafewmonthsasareporterontheKansasCityStarhesailedforEuropeinMay1918asavolunteerambulancedriverandlatertransferredtotheItalianinfantryTwoweeksbeforehis19thbirthdayalegwoundbroughthimclosetodeathWaranddeathhavebeenrecurrentthemesinHemingwayswritingOfwarhehassaidIthoughtaboutTolstoiandaboutwhatagreatadvantageanexperienceofwarwastoawriterItwasoneofthemajorsubjectsandcertainlyoneofthehardesttowritetrulyof问题AccordingtoparagraphoneHemingwaylearnedfromhisfatherallofthefollowingexcept
A、fishing
B、hunting
C、writing
D、loveoftheopenair
正确答案
第4题TwobasicmodelsofparentalinfluenceemergefromallthiscompetitionandvarietyhoweverOnelooselybasedonFreudianideashaspresentedanimageofthevulnerablechildchildrenaresensitivebeingseasilydamagednotonlybytraumaticeventsandemotionalstressbutalsobyoverdosesofaffectionThe2ndmodelisthatofthebehavioristswhoseintellectualancestorstheempiricistphilosophersdescribedthechildsmindasatabularasaorblankslateThebehavioristmodelofchildrearingisbasedontheviewthatthechildismalleableandparentsarethereforecastintheroleofPygmalionswhocanshapetheirchildrenhowevertheywishGivemeadozenhealthyinfantswellformedandmyownspecifiedworldtobringthemupinwroteJBWatsonthefatherofmodernbehaviorismandIllguaranteetotakeanyoneatrandomandtrainhimtobeanytypeofspecialistImightdoctorlawyerartistmerchantchiefandyesevenbeggarmanandthiefTheimageofthevulnerablechildcallsforgentleparentswhoaresensitivetotheirchildsinnermostthoughtsandfeelingsinordertoprotecthimfromtraumaTheimageofthemalleablechildrequiresstemparentswhocoollyfollowthedictatesoftheirownexplicittrainingproceduresonlytheearlyeradicationofbadhabitsineatingsleepingcryingcanfendoffpermanentmaladjustments问题Agoodtitlefortheabovepassageis
A、TwoModelsofParenting
B、Twochildimages
C、TheroleofPygmalions
D、J.B.Watsonandhismodernbehaviorism
正确答案
Youdon＇thavetosetupafoundationorspendhoursraisingmoneytohelptheenvironmentJoeyGordonLevitt16doeshispartbysimplycollectinghisnewspapersplasticandcansandhavethemrecycledEveryoneshouldrecycletheteenstarsaysSingerandactorBetterMidlergoesastepfurtherShepicksupotherpeople＇sgarbageForexampleMidlerhashelpedremovetruckloadsoftrashfromFortTryonParkinNewYorkCitySuchsimpleeffortsattrashcollectionandreductionarecatchingonLastyeartheEnvironmentalProtectionAgencycounted7500recyclingprogramsintheUSThat＇supfromjust1000programsin1988Almosthalfofthecountry＇spopulationnowlivesintownsandcitieswithcurbsiderecyclingSowe＇reontherighttracktoreducingtrashButwestillhavealongwaytogoIn1994about40%ofpaperproductsandplasticsodabottlesproducedinthiscountrywererecycledButonly2%offoodpackagingwasrecoveredWealsohavetoworkoncreatingmoredemandforrecycledmaterialYoucanhelpbycheckinglabelsandbuyingproductsmadefromrecoveredpaperplasticandmetalRecyclingsavesresourceslikewaterandtreesandcutsdownonairpollutionSowhatareyouwaitingforGettoworktakingcareofourrockIfwedon＇twe＇llallhavetomovetoMarssaysGordonLevittTheonlyproblemisthatwedon＇tknowhowtodothatyet问题Theauthorofthepassagesuggeststhatyoutohelptheenvironment
A、setupafund
B、raisemoney
C、recycletrash
D、movetoMars
正确答案
第6题Forafewminuteshetappedtheswitchaftereachflash
A、touched
B、painted
C、pressed
D、snapped
正确答案
第7题YoudonthavetosetupafoundationorspendhoursraisingmoneytohelptheenvironmentJoeyGordonLevitt16doeshispartbysimplycollectinghisnewspapersplasticandcansandhavethemrecycledEveryoneshouldrecycletheteenstarsaysSingerandactorBetterMidlergoesastepfurtherShepicksupotherpeople＇sgarbageForexampleMidlerhashelpedremovetruckloadsoftrashfromFortTryonParkinNewYorkCitySuchsimpleeffortsattrashcollectionandreductionarecatchingonLastyeartheEnvironmentalProtectionAgencycounted7500recyclingprogramsintheUSThat＇supfromjust1000programsin1988Almosthalfofthecountry＇spopulationnowlivesintownsandcitieswithcurbsiderecyclingSowe＇reontherighttracktoreducingtrashButwestillhavealongwaytogoIn1994about40%ofpaperproductsandplasticsodabottlesproducedinthiscountrywererecycledButonly2%offoodpackagingwasrecoveredWealsohavetoworkoncreatingmoredemandforrecycledmaterialYoucanhelpbycheckinglabelsandbuyingproductsmadefromrecoveredpaperplasticandmetalRecyclingsavesresourceslikewaterandtreesandcutsdownonairpollutionSowhatareyouwaitingforGettoworktakingcareofourrockIfwedon＇twe＇llallhavetomovetoMarssaysGordonLevittTheonlyproblemisthatwedon＇tknowhowtodothatyet问题Tohelprecyclewastematerialwecandoallofthefollowingexcept
A、creatingmoredemandforrecycledmaterial
B、buyingproductsmadefromrecycledpaperplasticandmetal
C、collectinguesdthingssuchaspaperplasticandmetal
D、usingrecycledmaterialonlyinpackaging
正确答案
第8题Astronomers天文学家cantelljusthowhotthesurfaceofthemoongetsThesideofthemoontowardthesungetstwodegreeshotterthanboilingwater沸水Thenightsidereaches243degreesbelowzero零度Inaneclipse月蚀theearthsshadowfallsonthemoonThenthemoonstemperaturemaydrop300degreesinaveryshorttimeAtemperaturechangelikethiscannothappenontheearthWhydoesithappenonthemoonAstronomersthinkthatthesurfaceofthemoonisdustOntheearthrocksstoreheatfromthesunWhenthesungoesdowntherocksstaywarmButthedustofthemooncannotstoreheatSowhenthemoongetsdarktheheatescapesquicklyThemoongetsverycold问题Thesurfaceofthemoonisprobably
A、rockthatstoresheat
B、dustthatstoresheat
C、dustthatcannotstoreheat
D、rockthatdoesnotstoreheat
正确答案
第9题TwobasicmodelsofparentalinfluenceemergefromallthiscompetitionandvarietyhoweverOnelooselybasedonFreudianideashaspresentedanimageofthevulnerablechildchildrenaresensitivebeingseasilydamagednotonlybytraumaticeventsandemotionalstressbutalsobyoverdosesofaffectionThe2ndmodelisthatofthebehavioristswhoseintellectualancestorstheempiricistphilosophersdescribedthechildsmindasatabularasaorblankslateThebehavioristmodelofchildrearingisbasedontheviewthatthechildismalleableandparentsarethereforecastintheroleofPygmalionswhocanshapetheirchildrenhowevertheywishGivemeadozenhealthyinfantswellformedandmyownspecifiedworldtobringthemupinwroteJBWatsonthefatherofmodernbehaviorismandIllguaranteetotakeanyoneatrandomandtrainhimtobeanytypeofspecialistImightdoctorlawyerartistmerchantchiefandyesevenbeggarmanandthiefTheimageofthevulnerablechildcallsforgentleparentswhoaresensitivetotheirchildsinnermostthoughtsandfeelingsinordertoprotecthimfromtraumaTheimageofthemalleablechildrequiresstemparentswhocoollyfollowthedictatesoftheirownexplicittrainingproceduresonlytheearlyeradicationofbadhabitsineatingsleepingcryingcanfendoffpermanentmaladjustments问题Thewordmalleableinparagraphonemeans
A、intelligent
B、powerful
C、adaptable
D、specified
正确答案
WhileIwasworkingasachildpsychologistaprincipalphonedmeImbaffledhesaidAchildhaswrittenanessaycalledThePropertiesoftheNucleusHisteachercantunderstanditNeithercanIIwenttotheschoolandmetMarkaneightyearoldwithgingerhairandfrecklesHelookedlikeaveryordinaryboytomeIproceededwiththeintelligencetestWhatisMarsIaskedMostchildrenhisagesayAchocolatebarHedescribedtheplanetindetailHequicklycompletedthetestsincludingamathtestformucholderchildrenThenhelookedatmeasiftosayCantyoucomeupwithsomethingmoredifficultIhadseengiftedchildrenbeforebutthisboywasoffthemapasfarasassessinghisIQwasconcernedMarksprincipleandarrangedforMarktobetutoredbyascienceteacherButinmanywayshewasjustanormalchildWewantedhimtobesociallyadjustedaswellasintellectuallyoutstandingSowealsoencouragedhimtojointheClubScoutsandwekepthiminclasswithkidsofhisageforthetimebeingIaskedMarksparentswhattheythoughtofhimHecanbeapainintheneckhismothersaidHeaskssuchimpossiblequestionsshesmiledButwelovehimdearlyThiswascrucialLiketherestofusgiftedchildrenneedtobelovedHegainedafirstclasshonorsdegreefromCambridgeisnowchairmanofhisowncomputercompanyandishappilymarriedwithtwochildren问题Theauthorandtheprincipalkepttheboyinclasswithkidsofhisownagebecause
A、theydidntintendtopamperthetalentedboy
B、theythoughttheboyshouldlearnhowtoputupwithlesssmartkids
C、theytiredtosethimupasamodelfortheclass
D、theywantedtheboytobemoresociable
正确答案
第11题ThehistoryoftheWinterGameshoweverhasbeenevenmoretroubledthanthatoftheSummerGamesUntil1924allthewintersportscompetitionsheldevery4yearsfrom1901to1917andagainin1992hadbeenintheScandinaviancountriesSwedenNorwayandFinlandThesportsmenofthesecountriesbelievedthattheWinterGamescouldonlybeheldintheScandinavianwayCoubertinhimselfwasagainstaseparateWinterOlympicsashefeltthattheywouldcausetroublewithintheOlympicmovementHoweveraswinterholidaysintheAlpsbecamemoreandmorepopularsodidtheideaofatrulyinternationalWinterGamesThefirstWinterOlympicswereheldinChamonixin1924thoughtheywereonlyrecognizedbytheInternationalOlympicCommitteeasOlympictwoyearslaterin1926Althoughthereweremanyargumentsbeforethemthe1stGameswereasuccessbuttheproblemsdidnotendthereIn1935itwasdecidedbytheIOCthatskiteacherscouldnotcompeteintheOlympicsbecausetheywereprofessionalsThiscausedabigargumentbetweentheIOCandtheInternationalSkiFederationwhoagreedwiththeskiteachersandasthetwoorganizationscouldcometoanendverysoonaftertheirbeginningHoweverwarcameandwithitanendtothediscussionsWhenthewarwasfinallyovertheWinterGameswerestartedupagainasbeforeinStMoritzin1948andthecrisishadpassed问题CoubertindidntwanttohaveaseparatewinterOlympicsbecause
A、thewintergamescouldonlybeheldintheScandinavianway
B、thewintergamescouldonlybeheldintheScandinaviancountries
C、therehadbeenmoretroubleinthewintergames
D、hewasworriedaboutthefutureoftheOlympicmovement
正确答案
AlthoughAmericancivilizationtookoverandreplacedthefrontieralmostacenturyagotheheritageofthefrontierisstillverymuchaliveintheUStodayTheideaofthefrontierstillstirstheemotionsandimaginationsoftheAmericanpeopleAmericanscontinuetobefascinatedbythefrontierbecauseithasbeenaparticularlyimportantforceinshapingtheirnationalvaluesThefrontierexperiencebeganwhenthefirstcolonistssettledontheeastcoastofthecontinentinthe1600sItendedabout1890whenthelastwesternlandsweresettledTheAmericanfrontierconsistedoftherelativelyunsettledregionsofthecountryHerebothlandandlifeweremoreruggedandprimitivethaninthemoresettledeasternpartAsonefrontierareawassettledpeoplebeganmovingfartherwestintothenextunsettledareaBysettlingonefrontierareaafteranotherAmericansmovedacrossanentirecontinent2700mileswide问题Thefrontierexperiencebegan
A、inthe16thcentury
B、inthe17thcentury
C、inthe18thcentury
D、inthe19thcentury
正确答案
第13题GeorgeAshmoreFitchwasborninSoochowChinain1883thesonofPresbyterianmissionariesGeorgeFandMaryMcLllanFitchAfterreceivinghisBAfromWoosterCollegein1906FitchattendedUnionTheologicalSeminaryinNewYorkHewasmadeapriestin1909andreturnedtoworkinShanghaiWhentheNankingMassacreoccurredFitchwasoneofthewitnessesofthecrimeHequicklybecameactiveinassistingtheInternatinalCommittenfortheNankingSafetyZoneFitchsdiaryofeventsofNankingwascarriedtoShanghaibythefirstpersonabletoleavetheNankingafteritsoccupationbytheJapaneseonDecember131937AsFitchhaswrittenMystorycreatedasensationinShanghaiforitwasthefirstnewsofwhathadhappenedinthecapitalsinceitsevacuationanditwascopiedandmimeographedandwidelydistributedthereFitchsNankingdiaryhasbeenpublishedpreviouslybuttheversionofhisdiaryavailableintheYalecollectiondiffersslightlyfromthewellpublicizedversionsoexcerptsfromithavebeenincludedinthisvolumeIn1938FitchtraveledthroughouttheUnitedStatesgivingtalksabouttheNankingMassacreandshowingfilmstodocumentitHereturnedtoworkfirstinChinaandtheninKoreaandChinasTaiwanuntilhisretirementin1961问题Whichofthefollowingisagoodtitleforthepassage
A、GeorgeA.Fitchsdiary
奥鹏作业
B、GeorgeA.FitchandChina
C、TheYaleVersionofGeorgeA.FitchsDiary
D、G.A.FitchandHisDiaryabouttheNankingMassacre
正确答案
第14题Hismindhadgrownsuddenlynumbsecondsseemedhours
A、acute
B、insensitive
C、indifferent
D、painful
正确答案
NoonethoughtofanythingevenalittlebitlikethezipperuntilWhitecombLJudsoncamealongTherewerebuttonsandbuttonholeshooksandeyeslacesandbucklesTheyalltookanirritatinglylongtimetodoupespeciallywhenmenworehighlacedbootsandfashionableladiessqueezedthemselvesintolongcorsetsWhitecombLJudson＇sslidefastenerwasanoutoftheblueinventionandnooneknowswhatgavehimtheideaNooneevenknowsmuchabouthimexceptthathewasamechanicalengineerlivinginChicagoandthathepatentedotherinventionstodowithastreetrailwaysystemandmotorcarsJudsoninventedthefirstzippercalledatthetimeaClaspLockerorUnlockerin1891ThisingeniouslittledevicelookssosimpleandtheprinciplebehinditissimpleonerowofhooksandeyesslottingneatlyintoanotherrowbymeansofatabYetittook22yearsmanyimprovementsandanotherinventortomakethezipperreallypractical问题Thewordingeniousmeans
A、clever
B、admirable
C、important
D、useful
正确答案
第16题NoonethoughtofanythingevenalittlebitlikethezipperuntilWhitecombLJudsoncamealongTherewerebuttonsandbuttonholeshooksandeyeslacesandbucklesTheyalltookanirritatinglylongtimetodoupespeciallywhenmenworehighlacedbootsandfashionableladiessqueezedthemselvesintolongcorsetsWhitecombLJudson＇sslidefastenerwasanoutoftheblueinventionandnooneknowswhatgavehimtheideaNooneevenknowsmuchabouthimexceptthathewasamechanicalengineerlivinginChicagoandthathepatentedotherinventionstodowithastreetrailwaysystemandmotorcarsJudsoninventedthefirstzippercalledatthetimeaClaspLockerorUnlockerin1891ThisingeniouslittledevicelookssosimpleandtheprinciplebehinditissimpleonerowofhooksandeyesslottingneatlyintoanotherrowbymeansofatabYetittook22yearsmanyimprovementsandanotherinventortomakethezipperreallypractical问题Thefirstzipperwasinventedin
A、theendofthe18thcentury
B、thebeginningofthe19thcentury
C、theendofthe19thcentury
D、thebeginningofthe20thcentury
正确答案
第17题Copper铜wasthefirstmetalthatmanlearnedtomakeInsomemountainouslandstherewererocksstreakedwithgreenmineralsOnedaysomerockswereaccidentallyheatedbyaroaringfireWhenthefireburnedlowlittlebeadsofcopperwereseenontherockwallAfterthatmenheatedtherockdeliberatelytoseewhethermorecopperwouldappearTheysoonfoundagoodwaytomakecopperTheywouldbuildatrenchonahillsideandfillitwithcharcoalandcopperbearingrockTheycoveredthisfurnacewithflatstonesTheystartedawoodfiretoheatthecharcoalandthehotcharcoalreleasedcopperfromtherockAhotredpoolofmeltedmetalformedatthemouthofthetrenchWhenitwascoolthesolidmetalcouldbeliftedoutandcutandpoundedintoshapes问题Menshapedthecopperby
A、meltingit
B、poundingit
C、breakingit
D、bothbandc
正确答案
第18题Astronomers天文学家cantelljusthowhotthesurfaceofthemoongetsThesideofthemoontowardthesungetstwodegreeshotterthanboilingwater沸水Thenightsidereaches243degreesbelowzero零度Inaneclipse月蚀theearthsshadowfallsonthemoonThenthemoonstemperaturemaydrop300degreesinaveryshorttimeAtemperaturechangelikethiscannothappenontheearthWhydoesithappenonthemoonAstronomersthinkthatthesurfaceofthemoonisdustOntheearthrocksstoreheatfromthesunWhenthesungoesdowntherocksstaywarmButthedustofthemooncannotstoreheatSowhenthemoongetsdarktheheatescapesquicklyThemoongetsverycold问题Duringaneclipsethemoonis
A、turnedawayfromthesun
B、intheshadowofthesun
C、intheshadowoftheearth
D、indirectsunlight
正确答案
第19题The12thlunarmonthinChineseiscalledlayuethemonthtoworshipallthedeitiesThe8thdayofthe12thelunarmonthistheLabaFestivalItistreatedasthebeginningoftheChineseholidayseasonAftertheLabaFestivalpeopleenterintothebusypreparationfortheLunarNewYearThemainactivityoftheLabaFestivaliscookingandsharingthespeciallabagruellabazhouMostpeoplebelieveithasacloserelationtoSakyamunitheBuddhaHelefthiscomfortablehomeandsetoffinsearchofthefinalenlightenmentAfterdaysoftravellingwithoutresthecollapsednearariverinnorthernIndiaHewasrevivedbyawanderingshepherdesswhoofferedhimherlunchoffamilyleftoversconsistingofstickycerealglutinousricedateschestnutsandwildfruitAfterconsumingthisrepastSakyamunitookabatchandsatunderatreeformeditationwherehefinallyattainedenlightenmentTheverydaywasthe8thdayofthelastlunarmonthThemealwastheoriginallabagruel问题TheLabaFestivalisbelievedbymanytoberelatedto
A、Confucianism
B、Buddhism
C、Taoism
D、Christianity
正确答案
In1989MelissastartedKidsFACEasanafterschoolclubatherelementaryschoolThesixmembergroupmeteachMondaytowritelettersandplancleanupactivitiesWeneverthoughtitwasanythingmorethanagroupofkidscomingtogethersotheycouldtalkabouttheenvironmentsaysTrishPoehermotherButthenaletterfromMilissatotheTodayshowgotherclubontelevisionin1990WhenotherkidsheardabouttheclubtheywroteaskinghowtheycouldgetinvoledSoMelissawiththehelpofhermotherwhotodaymanagestheKidsFACEofficeasexecutivedirectordevelopedamembershipbookthatinstructedkidsonenvironmentalprojectsandhowtostartacluboftheirownIfeltlikeIhadtowritethemallbackatoncebecauseIdidntlikewhatthepresidentdidtomeBecauseIdidntlikebeingignoredIdidntwantthekidstohavethesamefeelingsaysMelissaRequestsforinformationcamefromalloverthenationAtfirstMelissasparentspaidthepostageandsupplybillsfortheclubbutsoonexpensesbecametoohighSotheclubfoundasponsorWarMartIncwhichbeganunderwritingthebimonthlynewsletterKidsFACEillustratedwhichcurrentlyprovidesenvironmentalupdatessuggestionsandideastomorethan2millionpeopleworldwide问题Morepeoplewantedtojointheclubafter
A、anewspaperinterviewwasmade
B、enoughlettersweredistributed
C、theyheardabouttheclubfromatelevisionshow
D、Melissabecameanexecutivedirector
正确答案
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