中石油华东2016年春季学期《科技英语》在线考试答案资料
2016年春季学期《科技英语》在线考试(适用于2016年6月份考试)一、单选题:【15道,总分:30分】
1.To survive and grow, businesses are under ( ) pressure to expand their markets for new products and made them look different from others (满分:2)
A. crucial
B. complex
C. constant
D. significant
2.( ) has recently been done to provide more buses for the people, a shortage of public vehicles remains a serious problem. (满分:2)
A. That
B. What
C. In spite of what
D. Though what
3.On the basis of the agreement by the two parties, the contract will is signed ( ) the ceremony. (满分:2)
A. senior to
B. inferior to
C. superior to
D. prior to
4.Look at the world around you and you ( ) many things made of plastics (满分:2)
A. are finding
B. will find
C. find
D. have found
5.The ( ) was designed to wear down the enemy's resistance and it worked out successfully with the war ended in a month. (满分:2)
A. strategy
B. advertisement
C. notion
D. idea
6.Success in establishing a good night-time routine leads to increased confidence and happiness all round, making all the hard work well ( ) the effort. (满分:2)
A. worth
B. worthwhile
C. legal
D. worthy
7.By the time he arrives in Beijing, we ( )( ) here for two days. (满分:2)
A. will stay
B. have been staying
C. will have stayed
D. have stayed
8.The world’s oil supply is not inexhaustible.If the reserves ( ), the situation will become extremely critical (满分:2)
A. put out
B. come out
C. get out
D. run out
9.The prices of the products of joint ventures sold in China should be fixed on the basis of quality ( ) the price regulations set by the state and be charged in RMB (满分:2)
A. first of all
B. with a view to
C. regardless of
D. in line with
10.It is the business of the petroleum industry to find crude oil and gas and to ( ) them from the earth on-shore and off-shore. (满分:2)
A. retrieve
B. exchange
C. proceed
D. change
11.To use the machine, you must first ( ) the correct coins, then select the drink and press the button. (满分:2)
A. add
B. insert
C. input
D. join
12.Foreign investors are allowed, ( ) the relevant regulations, to invest their profits in RMB in the domestic enterprises (满分:2)
A. ahead of time
B. in accordance with
C. in advance
D. with regard to
13.She devised a plan ( ) they might escape from the tightly guarded prison (满分:2)
A. whereas
B. wherein
C. whereby
D. whereabouts
14.Every gift, ( ), is in reality great if given with affection. (满分:2)
A. it may be small
B. though being small
C. small as it is
D. though may be small
15.Due to the limited seating ( ) of the hall, merely about 700 journalists were present for the press conference (满分:2)
A. capacity
B. capability
C. possibility
D. probability
二、阅读理解:【2道,总分:20分】
1. Geology is a natural science. With it men can discover all kinds of useful minerals. Geology studies the earth. But of the three spheres, the atmosphere, the hydrosphere and the lithosphere, it only directly studies the lithosphere. It studies the composition and distribution of material in the earth's crust. It studies also the formation, changes and development of rocks and minerals in the earth's crust.Geology is a very complex science. There are many branches in geology. Mineralogy is the science of the minerals. Petrology is the science of the rocks. Geomorphology deals with origin of landscapes and changes in them. Historical geology traces the evolution and development of the earth and of the animals and plants on it. Stratigraphy studies the sequence of the rocks in the earth's crust. Paleontology deals with the ancient animals and plants. These are just a few of the most important branches of geology. Geology is a very important science. We depend upon geology for the discovery of mineral deposits needed by the various industries. A lot of minerals are used as fuel and raw materials. Without them industrialization is impossible. Minerals are also used as fertilizers in agriculture. China is very rich in mineral deposits of all kinds. The study of geology will help us to discover them. Petroleum occurs widely in the earth as gas, liquid, semisolid, or solid, or in more than one of these states at a single place. Chemically any petroleum is an extremely complex mixture of hydrocarbon(hydrogen and carbon) compounds, with minor amounts of nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur as impurities. Liquid petroleum, which is called crude oil to distinguish it from refined oil, is the most important commercially. It consists chiefly of the liquid hydrocarbons, with varying amounts of dissolved gases, bitumens, and impurities. Petroleum gas, commonly called natural gas to distinguish it from manufactured gas, consists of the lighter paraffin hydrocarbons, of which the most abundant is methane gas(CH4). The semisolid and solid forms of petroleum consist of the heavy hydrocarbons and bitumens. Geology plays an important role in the search for oil and natural gas. Four prerequisites are necessary for oil(and gas) to accumulate in commercial quantities in an area:(1) The oil originates in a source bed, and a marine shale, once a black mud rich in organic compounds, is thought to be a common source rock.(2) The oil then migrates to a permeable reservoir rock, and to do this it may travel for long distances both vertically and horizontally. Oil cannot move through the tiny openings of the shale source beds rapidly enough to be extracted profitably.(3) A nonpermeable layer must occur above a reservoir bed. Since oil is lighter than water, it tends to move upward through openings and cracks until it encounters impervious beds that it cannot penetrate. The oil may then accumulate beneath the impervious layers. Some gas occurs in solution within the oil, and if enough is present it separates out to occupy the uppermost region of such a trap.(4) A favorable structure must exist to concentrate the oil and anticlines, salt plugs, and faults are common examples. A fault zone may itself be impervious, or faulting may have shifted an impervious bed so that it now blocks a reservoir bed. Stratigraphic traps tend to be more difficult to locate and may form where tilted reservoir beds are overlain unconformably by impervious layers or where the reservoir beds become thinner up-dip and wedge out within enclosing impervious beds. Thus oil that was once distributed in sparse amounts throughout a very large volume of rock may now be richly concentrated within the uppermost portions of favorable reservoir rocks.The task of the geologist is the location of promising structures in regions where rocks are favorable for the occurrence of the other prerequisites. Drilling a hole is then the only known method of determining whether or not oil is present in the structure. (满分:)
1).?What is mainly dealt with in the passage?
A. The formation of oil.
B. The formation of rocks.
C. The general introduction of geology.
D. The roles of geology in finding oil.
2).?Geology is a natural science and it does NOT study( ).
A. the minerals in the earth's crust
B. the rocks in the earth's crust
C. the evolution and development of the earth
D. the origin of the atmosphere surrounding the earth
3).?One prerequisite for oil to accumulate in quantity is that the oil originates in ( ).
A. a source rock
B. a black mud
C. the seawater
D. organic compounds
4).?In the formation of oil, a nonpermeable layer above a reservoir bed is necessary because it can ( ).
A. accelerate the travel speed of the oil
B. hinder the oil to move upward
C. help the oil to move upward
D. help people to discover the oil
5).?Which of the following statements is TRUE?
A. Drilling a hole is one of the known methods of determining whether or not oil is present in the structure.
B. A geologist usually tries to locate promising structures in regions where rocks are favorable for the occurrence of the other prerequisites.
C. An unfavorable structure must exist to concentrate the oil.
D. A permeable layer must occur above a reservoir bed.
三、阅读理解:【2道,总分:20分】
1. Geology is a natural science. With it men can discover all kinds of useful minerals. Geology studies the earth. But of the three spheres, the atmosphere, the hydrosphere and the lithosphere, it only directly studies the lithosphere. It studies the composition and distribution of material in the earth's crust. It studies also the formation, changes and development of rocks and minerals in the earth's crust.Geology is a very complex science. There are many branches in geology. Mineralogy is the science of the minerals. Petrology is the science of the rocks. Geomorphology deals with origin of landscapes and changes in them. Historical geology traces the evolution and development of the earth and of the animals and plants on it. Stratigraphy studies the sequence of the rocks in the earth's crust. Paleontology deals with the ancient animals and plants. These are just a few of the most important branches of geology. Geology is a very important science. We depend upon geology for the discovery of mineral deposits needed by the various industries. A lot of minerals are used as fuel and raw materials. Without them industrialization is impossible. Minerals are also used as fertilizers in agriculture. China is very rich in mineral deposits of all kinds. The study of geology will help us to discover them. Petroleum occurs widely in the earth as gas, liquid, semisolid, or solid, or in more than one of these states at a single place. Chemically any petroleum is an extremely complex mixture of hydrocarbon(hydrogen and carbon) compounds, with minor amounts of nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur as impurities. Liquid petroleum, which is called crude oil to distinguish it from refined oil, is the most important commercially. It consists chiefly of the liquid hydrocarbons, with varying amounts of dissolved gases, bitumens, and impurities. Petroleum gas, commonly called natural gas to distinguish it from manufactured gas, consists of the lighter paraffin hydrocarbons, of which the most abundant is methane gas(CH4). The semisolid and solid forms of petroleum consist of the heavy hydrocarbons and bitumens. Geology plays an important role in the search for oil and natural gas. Four prerequisites are necessary for oil(and gas) to accumulate in commercial quantities in an area:(1) The oil originates in a source bed, and a marine shale, once a black mud rich in organic compounds, is thought to be a common source rock.(2) The oil then migrates to a permeable reservoir rock, and to do this it may travel for long distances both vertically and horizontally. Oil cannot move through the tiny openings of the shale source beds rapidly enough to be extracted profitably.(3) A nonpermeable layer must occur above a reservoir bed. Since oil is lighter than water, it tends to move upward through openings and cracks until it encounters impervious beds that it cannot penetrate. The oil may then accumulate beneath the impervious layers. Some gas occurs in solution within the oil, and if enough is present it separates out to occupy the uppermost region of such a trap.(4) A favorable structure must exist to concentrate the oil and anticlines, salt plugs, and faults are common examples. A fault zone may itself be impervious, or faulting may have shifted an impervious bed so that it now blocks a reservoir bed. Stratigraphic traps tend to be more difficult to locate and may form where tilted reservoir beds are overlain unconformably by impervious layers or where the reservoir beds become thinner up-dip and wedge out within enclosing impervious beds. Thus oil that was once distributed in sparse amounts throughout a very large volume of rock may now be richly concentrated within the uppermost portions of favorable reservoir rocks.The task of the geologist is the location of promising structures in regions where rocks are favorable for the occurrence of the other prerequisites. Drilling a hole is then the only known method of determining whether or not oil is present in the structure. (满分:)
1).?What is mainly dealt with in the passage?
A. The formation of oil.
B. The formation of rocks.
C. The general introduction of geology.
D. The roles of geology in finding oil.
2).?Geology is a natural science and it does NOT study( ).
A. the minerals in the earth's crust
B. the rocks in the earth's crust
C. the evolution and development of the earth
D. the origin of the atmosphere surrounding the earth
3).?One prerequisite for oil to accumulate in quantity is that the oil originates in ( ).
A. a source rock
B. a black mud
C. the seawater
D. organic compounds
4).?In the formation of oil, a nonpermeable layer above a reservoir bed is necessary because it can ( ).
A. accelerate the travel speed of the oil
B. hinder the oil to move upward
C. help the oil to move upward
D. help people to discover the oil
5).?Which of the following statements is TRUE?
A. Drilling a hole is one of the known methods of determining whether or not oil is present in the structure.
B. A geologist usually tries to locate promising structures in regions where rocks are favorable for the occurrence of the other prerequisites.
C. An unfavorable structure must exist to concentrate the oil.
D. A permeable layer must occur above a reservoir bed.
四、完型填空:【1道,总分:30分】
1. A consumer's buyer behavior is influenced by four major factors; cultural, social, personal, and psychological factors. These (1) cause consumers to develop product and brand preferences. Although many of these factors cannot be directly controlled by marketers, understanding of their (2) is essential as marketing mix strategies can be developed to appeal to the preferences of the target market.One factor that can influence consumers is their mood state. Mood may be defined (3) a temporary and mild positive or negative feeling that is generalized and not tied (4) any particular circumstance. Moods should be (5) from emotions which are usually more intense, (6) to specific circumstances, and often conscious. In one sense, the effect of a consumer's mood can be thought of in (7) the same way as can our reactions to the (8) of our friends — when our friends are happy and “up”, that trends to influence us positively, but when they are “down”, that can have a(9) impact on us. Similarly, consumers operating under a (10) mood state tend to react to stimuli(刺激) in a direction (11) with that mood state. Thus, for example, we should expect to see (12) in a positive mood state evaluate products in more of a (13) manner than they would when not in such a state. (14), mood states appear capable of (15) a consumer's memory.Moods appear to be (16) influenced by marketing techniques. For example, the rhythm, pitch, and volume of music has been shown to influence behavior such as the (17) of time spent in supermarkets or (18) to purchase products. (19), advertising can influence consumers' moods which, in (20), are capable of influencing consumer' reactions to products. (满分:)
1).?
A. factors
B. elements
C. units
D. procedures
2).?
A. result
B. impact
C. target
D. product
3).?
A. with
B. about
C. as
D. by
4).?
A. up
B. to
C. under
D. over
5).?
A. divided
B. derived
C. depended
D. distinguished
6).?
A. referred
B. related
C. analyzed
D. associated
7).?
A. thus
B. still
C. much
D. even
8).?
A. behavior
B. gesture
C. signal
D. view
9).?
A. relative
B. negative
C. sensitive
D. decisive
10).?
A. fixed
B. granted
C. given
D. driven
11).?
A. insistent
B. resistant
C. persistent
D. consistent
12).?
A. retailers
B. consumers
C. businessmen
D. manufacturers
13).?
A. casual
B. serious
C. favorable
D. critical
14).?
A. Moreover
B. However
C. Nevertheless
D. Otherwise
15).?
A. lifting
B. raising
C. cultivating
D. enhancing
16).?
A. rarely
B. readily
C. currently
D. cautiously
17).?
A. extent
B. scope
C. amount
D. range
18).?
A. strategies
B. functions
C. intentions
D. reflections
19).?
A. In short
B. In addition
C. In fact
D. In general
20).?
A. turn
B. depth
C. total
D. detail
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