北京语言大学20秋《阅读（IV）》作业4
(单选题)1:AnyonemeetingMatthewDanielsforthefirsttimecouldeasilyassumethatheistheproductofaconventional,evenprivilegedchildhood.Withhiswell-spokenmanner,hisIvyLeagueeducation,andhisbusinesscardreading"resident,MassachusettsFamilyInstitute,"Mr.DanielsisthepictureofyouthfulAmericansuccess.ButDanielscantellastorythatrefutesthoseassumptionsabouthischildhood.Hisfatherabandonedthefamilywhenhewas2.Hismothertookajobasasecretary.Butonherwayhomeoneeveningshewasmugged,sustaininginjuriesthateventuallyleftherunabletowork,thefamilywentonwelfare.
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GrowingupinNewYork'sSpanishHarliem,Danielswasoneofonlyfourwhitestudentsuntilninthgrade.Despiteadifficultenvironment,hestayedoutoftrouble.HeevenwonafullscholarshiptoDartmouthCollege,graduatingin1985.
Howdidhedoit?Hecreditshismother'sreligiousfaith."It'swhyIdidn'tendupliketheguysinmyneighborhood,"hesays."Somewenttoprison."Althoughhisfather,awriter,didn'tsupportthefamily,hemaintainedcontactwithhisson,emphasizingtheimportanceofbooksandeducation.
Becauseofhisexperience,Danielshasbecomeapassionateadvocateofthetwo-parentfamily.Heseesitasaninstitutionunderculturalsiege,generallysupportedby"thepersoninthestreet"buttoooftendismissedbythoseinacademicandmediacircles.
Someofthegroups,hesays,havemiscalculatedthesocialconsequencesof"tryingtoconvincepeoplethatthereareallsortsof"alternativefamilyforms.Evenduringlawschool,heencounteredprofessorswhowere"openlyhostiletotheideathatweneedtwo-parentfamiliestohaveahealthysociety."
Reportersandacademicsmaynotbetheonlyonesambivalentaboutmarriage.Anewstudyofcollegetextbooksfindsthatmanytextsonmarriagepaintapessimisticview.Theyemphasizedivorceanddomesticviolence,thereportsays,andfocusfarmoreonadultrelationshipsandproblemsthanonchildren'sneeds.
Questionanielsattendedaschoolwherethemajorityofthestudentswere_________.
A:boys
B:girls
C:whites
D:blacks
正确答案:
(单选题)2:AnyonemeetingMatthewDanielsforthefirsttimecouldeasilyassumethatheistheproductofaconventional,evenprivilegedchildhood.Withhiswell-spokenmanner,hisIvyLeagueeducation,andhisbusinesscardreading"resident,MassachusettsFamilyInstitute,"Mr.DanielsisthepictureofyouthfulAmericansuccess.
ButDanielscantellastorythatrefutesthoseassumptionsabouthischildhood.Hisfatherabandonedthefamilywhenhewas2.Hismothertookajobasasecretary.Butonherwayhomeoneeveningshewasmugged,sustaininginjuriesthateventuallyleftherunabletowork,thefamilywentonwelfare.
GrowingupinNewYork'sSpanishHarliem,Danielswasoneofonlyfourwhitestudentsuntilninthgrade.Despiteadifficultenvironment,hestayedoutoftrouble.HeevenwonafullscholarshiptoDartmouthCollege,graduatingin1985.
Howdidhedoit?Hecreditshismother'sreligiousfaith."It'swhyIdidn'tendupliketheguysinmyneighborhood,"hesays."Somewenttoprison."Althoughhisfather,awriter,didn'tsupportthefamily,hemaintainedcontactwithhisson,emphasizingtheimportanceofbooksandeducation.
Becauseofhisexperience,Danielshasbecomeapassionateadvocateofthetwo-parentfamily.Heseesitasaninstitutionunderculturalsiege,generallysupportedby"thepersoninthestreet"buttoooftendismissedbythoseinacademicandmediacircles.
Someofthegroups,hesays,havemiscalculatedthesocialconsequencesof"tryingtoconvincepeoplethatthereareallsortsof"alternativefamilyforms.Evenduringlawschool,heencounteredprofessorswhowere"openlyhostiletotheideathatweneedtwo-parentfamiliestohaveahealthysociety."
Reportersandacademicsmaynotbetheonlyonesambivalentaboutmarriage.Anewstudyofcollegetextbooksfindsthatmanytextsonmarriagepaintapessimisticview.Theyemphasizedivorceanddomesticviolence,thereportsays,andfocusfarmoreonadultrelationshipsandproblemsthanonchildren'sneeds.
Questionanielsbenefitedmostfrom__________.
A:hismother'sreligionandhisfather'sideaofeducation
B:hisexperienceasachildfromapoorfamily
C:hisschooleducation
D:neighborhood
正确答案:
(单选题)3:Leavemealone;mindyourown____.
A:events
B:affairs
C:things
D:matters
正确答案:
(单选题)4:Iwonderwhatyour____inlifeis.
A:symbol
B:topic
C:system
D:goal
正确答案:
(单选题)5:Theydiscussedtheproblemthreeorfourtimesandfinallycameto____.
A:end
B:conclusion
C:result
D:judgment
正确答案:
(单选题)6:____halfwaythroughtheexperiment,therewasapowerfailureandtheteachertoldustostop.
A:Whenwewereonly
B:Beingonly
C:Whenonly
D:Havingbeen
正确答案:
(单选题)7:Idoubt____.
A:whetherhecancome
B:ifhecancomeornot
C:whilehewillbehere
D:thathewillcome
正确答案:
(单选题)8:Educationisnotanendbuta(n)____toanend.
A:means
B:solution
C:measure
D:idea
正确答案:
(单选题)9:Heletmeusehiscomputerand____returnItreatedhimtodinner.
A:for 北语作业答案 QQ 515224986
B:as
C:in
D:of
正确答案:
(单选题)10:Itissaidthathe____murder.
A:committed
B:conducted
C:executed
D:emitted
正确答案:
(单选题)11:Ididn’tseeyoursisteratthemeeting.Ifshe____,shewouldhavemetmybrother.
A:hascome
B:didcome
C:came
D:hadcome
正确答案:
(单选题)12:I'mverysorry____thewholemorning.Iforgottheappointment.
A:tokeepyouwait
B:tohavekeptyouwaiting
C:tokeeyyouwaiting
D:tokeepyoutowait
正确答案:
(单选题)13:Marynevertellsanyonewhatshedoesfora____.
A:job
B:work
C:profession
D:living
正确答案:
(单选题)14:Onlyguestsofthehotelenjoythe____ofusingtheprivatebeach.
A:privilege
B:possibility
C:favor
D:advantage
正确答案:
(单选题)15:____foryourhelp,we'dneverhavebeenabletogetoverthedifficulties.
A:Haditnot
B:Ifitwerenot
C:Haditnotbeen
D:Ifwehadnotbeen
正确答案:
(单选题)16:InanIndianapolisneighborhoodwheresometeenagegirlsflauntpregnancieslikenewhairdos,AishaFieldsisunabashedlysquare:Sheplanstoabstainfromsexuntilshemarries.
"Mostofmyfriendsalreadyhavebabies,"saysAisha,ahighschooljuniorandabstinencementor."Beingpregnantisafashion.Girlsgoaroundbragging:‘I'mthreemonths(pregnant).'Theythinkit'scool."
With1millionUSteensbecomingpregnanteveryyear,and13percentofallAmericanbabiesborntoteens,Aisha's"just-say-no"attitudeisapolicymaker'sdreamcometrue.
Federalandstateofficialsarebankingonsuchanattitudeastheylaunchanewcampaigntoshrinktheranksofunwedteenagemoms.OnOct.1,thegovernmentwillbegindispensingsomeofthenearly$850millionearmarkedunderthewelfare—reformlawoverfiveyearsforteachingabstinenceandpreventingout-of-wedlockbirths.
Butexpertssaythereisnoresearchtosuggestthatabstinence—onlyeducationwillsucceed.Incontrast,morecomprehensiveprogramsthatcovercontraception,familyplanning,andcommunicationskillscanhelpdelaysexualinvolvementbyteens,accordingtoastudybytheNationalCampaigntoPreventPregnancyinWashington.
"Itseemsfoolishtobetossingawayallthismoneywithoutknowingwhetheritwillwork,"saysLisaKaeser,aseniorassociateattheAlanGuttmacherInstitute,aWashington-basednonprofitgroupthatresearchesreproductivehealth.
Butexpertsagreethelatestcampaignagainstteenpregnancymarksabigimprovementoverolderpoliciesinonefundamentalrespect:Itemphasizesprevention.
QuestionisaKaiser'sattitudetowardstheNationalCampaigntoPreventTeenPregnancyis__________.
A:affirmative
B:negative
C:doubtful
D:prudent
正确答案:
(单选题)17:Itisagoodideaforparentstomonitorthe____aswellasthekindoftelevisionthattheirchildrenwatch.
A:number
B:size
C:amount
D:screen
正确答案:
(单选题)18:Fortytosixtypercentofgeneticallymodifiedorganismsarefindingtheirwaytotheproducedepartments.Thatprocessinvolvestakingagenefromoneplantoranimalandputtingitinanother."Sonow,wemakethesechangesinthelaboratoryandputthesechangesbackintocornbythenewtechnology,"Dr.CurtisHannahsaid.NotallconsumersarepleasedthatresearchersaretinkeringwithfoodthatfindsitswaytoAmericandinnertables.Opponentssaythatsomeproduceislacedwithpesticidetomakethemdrugresistant.LabelingadvocateJodetteGreensaidthatfoodsthathavebeengeneticallyengineeredneedtobelabeled.AMassachusettswatchdoggroupsaidthatalocalsupermarketchainissellingapancakemixcontaininggeneticallyengineeredingredientsthataren'tlistedonthelabel.NewsCenter5'sRhondellaRichardsonreportsthatMassPIRGlauncheditsSafeFoodCampaignonThursday,callingforaccuratelabelingandbettertestingofgeneticallymodifiedfood.MassPIRGsaidthatpackagesofShaw'sPancakeMixcontainGMfood,buttheyaren'tlabeledassuch."There'snoinfoaboutthepotentiallydangerousDNAcontainedinthispancakemix,"JillRubinofMassPIRGsaidatanafternoonpressconferenceCerealandmanysoyandcornproductsaregeneticallymodified,buttheyoftendon'tsaysoonthelabel.Therearenotrulesorregulationsrequiringsuchinformationonnutritionlabels.MassPIRGbelievesthatchildhoodearandsinusinfectionscouldsoonbeincurableandthattheconsumptionofgeneticallyengineeredfoodcreatesmorefoodallergies.Shaw'spancakemixhasnotcausedanyknownhealthproblems,butmanyfeelthatbetterlabelingshouldn'tbetoohardforastoretoswallow."Iwanttoknowwhat'sineverythingIbuy,"shopperAlexanderGriecosaid."Ihavehighbloodpressureandhighcholesterol."MassPIRGtargetedShaw'sSupermarketsinitscampaignbecausetheShaw'sparentcompanyinLondonhasvoluntarilyremovedallgeneticallyengineeredingredientsfromitsstorebrandproducts.AlocalShaw'sspokespersonsaidthatinEngland,therewasalackofdirectionfromthegovernmentonwhattodowhenconsumersquestionedproductsafety.TheFoodandDrugAdministrationhasfoundnothingunsafesofar,andShaw'sawaitsdirectionfromtheFDAbeforeanyproductisrecalled.
Question:Accordingtothearticle,MassPIRGisanorganization___________.
A:infavorofgeneticallyengineeredfoods
B:notoptimisticaboutgeneticallyengineeredfoods
C:politically-oriented
D:responsiblefortestinggeneticallyengineeredfood
正确答案:
(单选题)19:AlsoservingtoproduceadistinctiveusagewasthepracticeofdistinguishingasonfromafatherbytheuseofJunior.ThistypicallyAmericanpracticebeganinthemiddleoftheeighteenthcenturywhenmostgentlemenhadsomeknowledgeofLatinandwerefamiliarwiththeuseofthetermJunior,translatedoftenintoEnglishas"theyounger,"asappliedtosuchLatinworthiesasCatoandPliny.Thepracticewassowellestablishedby1776thatthreesignersoftheDeclarationaddedtheJr.Agai.Britishcustomhasbeendifferent;thesecondofapairofgreatstatesmenisknownasWilliamPitt,theyounger.
Stillanotherimportantmovementbeginningaround1750wastheriseofthenameCharles.Earlier,CharlesishardlyfoundatallinNewEngland,andisrareintheothercolonies.Afterthatitsgrowthwasnotonlysteadybutevenspectacular.By1850ithadbecomeoneofthecommonestnames,andithasremainedclosetothetopsincethattime.Itscuriousnickname,Chuck,istypicallyAmerican.
AlmostatanequalpacewiththeriseofCharles,theuseofBiblicalnames,eveninNewEngland,begantofalloff.Ebenezer,andevenSamuelandBenjamin,cametohaveaboutthemanold-fashionedaura.
Thefactsareclearenough;thecausesremainobscure.Immigrationprobablyhadlittletodowithsuchchanges.Englishinfluence,attheideallevel,mayhavehelpedthegrowthofCharles.Duringthesesamedecadesthenamewasincreasinginpopularitythere,whereSirCharlesGrandisonwasamuchreadnovelandBoniePrinceCharliehadgiventhenamearenewedvogueamongthosewhostillheldsentimentallytotheStuarts.ButmostoftheothernewdevelopmentsseemtobewhollynativeandeventoruncountertoBritishpractice.
Question:Thefinalparagraphmainlydiscusses________.
A:hownovelshelpedthepopularityofcertainnames
B:newdevelopmentsinnaminghabitsofAmericans
C:immigrationandnaminghabitsofAmericans
D:Charles,themostpopularnameinAmerica
正确答案:
(单选题)20:Whetherworkshouldbeplacedamongthecausesofhappinessoramongthecausesofunhappinessmayperhapsberegardedasadoubtfulquestion.Thereiscertainlymuchworkwhichisexceedinglyirksome,andanexcessofworkisalwaysverypainful.Ithink,however,that,providedworkisnotexcessiveinamount,eventhedullestworkistomostpeoplelesspainfulthanidleness.Thereareinworkallgrades,frommerereliefoftediumuptotheprofoundestdelights,accordingtothenatureoftheworkandtheabilitiesoftheworker.Mostoftheworkthatmostpeoplehavetodoisnotinitselfinteresting,butevensuchworkhascertaingreatadvantages.Tobeginwith,itfillsagoodmanyhoursofthedaywithouttheneedofdecidingwhatoneshalldo.Mostpeople,whentheyareleftfreetofilltheirowntimeaccordingtotheirownchoice,areatalosstothinkofanythingsufficientlypleasanttobeworthdoing,andwhatevertheydecideon,theyaretroubledbythefeelingthatsomethingelsewouldhavebeenpleasanter.Tobeabletofillleisureintelligentlyisthelastproductofcivilization,andatpresentveryfewpeoplehavereachedthislevel.
Moreover,theexerciseofchoiceisinitselftiresome.Excepttopeoplewithunusualinitiativeitispositivelyagreeabletobetoldwhattodoateachhouroftheday,providedtheordersarenottoounpleasant.Mostoftheidlerichsufferunspeakableboredomasthepriceoftheirfreedomfromdrudgery.Attimes,theymayfindreliefbyhuntingbiggameinAfrica,orbyflyingroundtheworld,butthenumberofsuchsensationsislimited,especiallyafteryouthispast.
Accordinglythemoreintelligentrichmenworknearlyashardasiftheywerepoor,whilerichwomenforthemostpartkeepthemselvesbusywithinnumerabletriflesofwhoseearth-shakingimportancetheyarefirmlypersuaded.
Question:Worknotinteresting________.
A:canalsogiveprofounddelight
B:canproduceonlytedium
C:alsoneedscreativespirit
D:mayalsobebeneficial
正确答案:
(单选题)21:Theideasoundsverygoodbutwillitworkin____.
A:practice
B:place
C:advance
D:company
正确答案:
(单选题)22:Thereusedtobeachurchbehindthecemetery,____?
A:didn’tthere
B:usedthere
C:usedn’tit
D:didn’tit
正确答案:
(单选题)23:Youngpeopleshouldhavetherighttocontrolanddirecttheirownlearning,thatis,todecidewhattheywanttolearn,andwhen,where,how,howmuch,howfast,andwithwhathelptheywanttolearnit.Tobestillmorespecific,Iwantthemtohavetherighttodecideif,when,howmuch,andbywhomtheywanttobetaughtandtherighttodecidewhethertheywanttolearninaschoolandifsowhichoneandforhowmuchofthetime.
Nohumanright,excepttherighttolifeitself,ismorefundamentalthanthis.Aperson'sfreedomoflearningispartofhisfreedomofthought,evenmorebasicthanhisfreedomofspeech.Ifwetakefromsomeonehisrighttodecidewhathewillbecuriousabout,wedestroyhisfreedomofthought.Wesay,ineffect,youmustthinknotaboutwhatinterestsandconcernsyou,butaboutwhatinterestsandconcernsus.
Thisrightofeachofustocontrolourownlearningisnowindanger.Whenweputintoourlawsthehighlyauthoritariannotionthatsomeoneshouldandcoulddecidewhatallyoungpeopleweretolearnandbeyondthat,coulddowhatevermightseemnecessary(whichnowincludesdosingthemwithdrugs)tocompelthemtolearnit,wetookalongstepdownaverysteepanddangerouspath.Therequirementthatachildgotoschool,foraboutsixhoursaday,180daysayear,forabouttenyears,whetherornothelearnsanythingthere,whetherornothealreadyknowsitorcouldlearnitfasterorbettersomewhereelse,issuchagrossviolationofcivillibertiesthatfewadultswouldstandforit.Butthechildwhoresistsistreatedasacriminal.Withthisrequirementwecreatedanindustry,anarmyofpeoplewhosewholeworkwastotellyoungpeoplewhattheyhadtolearnandtotrytomakethemlearnit.Someofthesepeople,wantingtoexerciseevenmorepoweroverothers,ortobeevenmore"helpful,"arenowbeginningtosay,"Ifcompulsoryeducationisgoodforchildren,whywouldn'titbegoodforeveryone?Ifitisagoodthing,howcantherebetoomuchofit?"
Theyarebeginningtotalk,asonemandidonanationwideTVshow,about"womb-to-tomb"schooling.Ifhoursofhomeworkeverynightaregoodfortheyoung,whywouldn'ttheybegoodforusall—theywouldkeepusawayfromtheTVsetandotherfrivolouspursuits.Somegroupofexperts,somewhere,wouldbegladtodecidewhatwealloughttoknowandthenverysooftencheckuponustomakesureweknewit—with,ofcourse,appropriatepenaltiesifwedidnot.
Question:Thepassageimpliesthat_______.
A:therightofcontrollingone'sownlearningisnotahumanright
B:somepeoplearedoingthekindoflearningwhichtheydonotwant
C:interestplaysanimportantroleinlearning
D:learningisbecomingmoreandmoredangerous
正确答案:
(单选题)24:Itistimethegovernment____thelawintoeffect.
A:isputting
B:put
C:puts
D:willput
正确答案:
(单选题)25:Whetherworkshouldbeplacedamongthecausesofhappinessoramongthecausesofunhappinessmayperhapsberegardedasadoubtfulquestion.Thereiscertainlymuchworkwhichisexceedinglyirksome,andanexcessofworkisalwaysverypainful.Ithink,however,that,providedworkisnotexcessiveinamount,eventhedullestworkistomostpeoplelesspainfulthanidleness.Thereareinworkallgrades,frommerereliefoftediumuptotheprofoundestdelights,accordingtothenatureoftheworkandtheabilitiesoftheworker.Mostoftheworkthatmostpeoplehavetodoisnotinitselfinteresting,butevensuchworkhascertaingreatadvantages.Tobeginwith,itfillsagoodmanyhoursofthedaywithouttheneedofdecidingwhatoneshalldo.Mostpeople,whentheyareleftfreetofilltheirowntimeaccordingtotheirownchoice,areatalosstothinkofanythingsufficientlypleasanttobeworthdoing,andwhatevertheydecideon,theyaretroubledbythefeelingthatsomethingelsewouldhavebeenpleasanter.Tobeabletofillleisureintelligentlyisthelastproductofcivilization,andatpresentveryfewpeoplehavereachedthislevel.
Moreover,theexerciseofchoiceisinitselftiresome.Excepttopeoplewithunusualinitiativeitispositivelyagreeabletobetoldwhattodoateachhouroftheday,providedtheordersarenottoounpleasant.Mostoftheidlerichsufferunspeakableboredomasthepriceoftheirfreedomfromdrudgery.Attimes,theymayfindreliefbyhuntingbiggameinAfrica,orbyflyingroundtheworld,butthenumberofsuchsensationsislimited,especiallyafteryouthispast.
Accordinglythemoreintelligentrichmenworknearlyashardasiftheywerepoor,whilerichwomenforthemostpartkeepthemselvesbusywithinnumerabletriflesofwhoseearth-shakingimportancetheyarefirmlypersuaded.
Question:Theabovepassagediscusses________.
A:therichandthepoor
B:workassourcesofhappiness
C:theimportanceofwork
D:theuseoflessinterestingwork
正确答案:
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