北京语言大学20秋《阅读（IV）》作业1
(单选题)1:English____inanewwayatmycollegeinthepastfewyears.A:hasbeenteaching
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B:wasbeingtaught
C:hasbeentaught
D:hadbeentaught
正确答案:
(单选题)2:Youngpeopleshouldhavetherighttocontrolanddirecttheirownlearning,thatis,todecidewhattheywanttolearn,andwhen,where,how,howmuch,howfast,andwithwhathelptheywanttolearnit.Tobestillmorespecific,Iwantthemtohavetherighttodecideif,when,howmuch,andbywhomtheywanttobetaughtandtherighttodecidewhethertheywanttolearninaschoolandifsowhichoneandforhowmuchofthetime.
Nohumanright,excepttherighttolifeitself,ismorefundamentalthanthis.Aperson'sfreedomoflearningispartofhisfreedomofthought,evenmorebasicthanhisfreedomofspeech.Ifwetakefromsomeonehisrighttodecidewhathewillbecuriousabout,wedestroyhisfreedomofthought.Wesay,ineffect,youmustthinknotaboutwhatinterestsandconcernsyou,butaboutwhatinterestsandconcernsus.
Thisrightofeachofustocontrolourownlearningisnowindanger.Whenweputintoourlawsthehighlyauthoritariannotionthatsomeoneshouldandcoulddecidewhatallyoungpeopleweretolearnandbeyondthat,coulddowhatevermightseemnecessary(whichnowincludesdosingthemwithdrugs)tocompelthemtolearnit,wetookalongstepdownaverysteepanddangerouspath.Therequirementthatachildgotoschool,foraboutsixhoursaday,180daysayear,forabouttenyears,whetherornothelearnsanythingthere,whetherornothealreadyknowsitorcouldlearnitfasterorbettersomewhereelse,issuchagrossviolationofcivillibertiesthatfewadultswouldstandforit.Butthechildwhoresistsistreatedasacriminal.Withthisrequirementwecreatedanindustry,anarmyofpeoplewhosewholeworkwastotellyoungpeoplewhattheyhadtolearnandtotrytomakethemlearnit.Someofthesepeople,wantingtoexerciseevenmorepoweroverothers,ortobeevenmore"helpful,"arenowbeginningtosay,"Ifcompulsoryeducationisgoodforchildren,whywouldn'titbegoodforeveryone?Ifitisagoodthing,howcantherebetoomuchofit?"
Theyarebeginningtotalk,asonemandidonanationwideTVshow,about"womb-to-tomb"schooling.Ifhoursofhomeworkeverynightaregoodfortheyoung,whywouldn'ttheybegoodforusall—theywouldkeepusawayfromtheTVsetandotherfrivolouspursuits.Somegroupofexperts,somewhere,wouldbegladtodecidewhatwealloughttoknowandthenverysooftencheckuponustomakesureweknewit—with,ofcourse,appropriatepenaltiesifwedidnot.
Question:Thecurrentcompulsoryeducationsystemforchildren________mostadults.
A:workswellwith
B:isnotlikedby
C:isacceptedby
D:isunderstoodby
正确答案:
(单选题)3:Thereareofcourse,thehappyfewwhofindasavorintheirdailyjob:theIndianastonemason,wholooksuponhisworkandseesthatitisgood;theChicagopianotuner,whoseeksandfindsthesoundthatdelights;thebookbinder,whosavesapieceofhistory;theBrooklynfireman,whosavesapieceoflife...Butdon'tthesesatisfactions,likeJude'shungerforknowledge,tellusmoreaboutthepersonthanabouthistask?Perhaps.Nonetheless,thereisacommonattributehere:ameaningtotheirworkwelloverandbeyondtherewardofthepaycheck.
Forthemany,thereisahardlyconcealeddiscontent.Theblue-collarbluesisnomorebitterlysungthanthewhite-collarmoan."I'mamachine,"saysthespot-welder."I'mcaged,"saysthebankteller,andechoesthehotelclerk."I'mamule,"saysthesteelworker."AmonkeycandowhatIdo,"saysthereceptionist."I'mlessthanafarmimplement,"saysthemigrantworker."I'manobject,"saysthehigh-fashionmodel.Bluecollarandwhitecallupontheidenticalphrase:"I'marobot.""Thereisnothingtotalkabout,"theyoungaccountantdespairinglyenunciates.ItwassometimeagothatJohnHenrysang,"Amanain'tnothin'butaman."Thehard,unromanticfactis:hediedwithhishammerinhishand,whilethemachinepumpedon.Nonetheless,hefoundimmortality.Heisremembered.
Astheautomatedpaceofourdailyjobswipesoutnameandface—and,inmanyinstances,feeling—thereisasacrilegiousquestionbeingaskedthesedays.Toearnone'sbreadbythesweatofone'sbrowhasalwaysbeenthelotofmankind.Atleast,eversinceEden'sslothfulcouplewasservedwithanevictionnotice,thescripturalpreceptwasneverdoubted,notoutloud.Nomatterhowdemeaningthetask,nomatterhowitdullsthesensesandbreaksthespirit,onemustwork.Orelse.
Latelytherehasbeenaquestioningofits"workethic"especiallybytheyoung.Strangelyenough,ithastouchedoffprofoundgrievancesinothers,hithertodevout,silent,andanonymous.Unexpectedprecinctsarebeingheardfrominashowofdiscontent.Communiquesfromtheassemblylinearefrequentandalarming;absenteeism.Ontheeveningbus,thetense,pinchedfacesofyoungfileclerksandelderlysecretariestellusmorethanwecaretoknow.Ontheexpressways,middlemanagementmenposewithoutgracebehindtheirwheelsastheyfleecityandjob.
Question:Theword"sacrilegious"inparagraphthreemeans________.
A:religious
B:pious
C:profane
D:free
正确答案:
(单选题)4:____wasnotthewaytheeventhappened.
A:Whichthepressreported
B:Thatthepressreported
C:Whatdidthepressreport
D:Whatthepressreported
正确答案:
(单选题)5:Moveupalittle,Ihaven'tany____tosit.
A:area
B:room
C:place
D:space
正确答案:
(单选题)6:Let'saddressthequestionofwhetherspeedreadingisevenadesirablegoal.Iamanavidfictionreader.Consciouslyorunconsciously,readersoffictionappreciatethebeautyingoodwriting.OccasionallyIwillreadapassageorsentenceovertobeimpressedbytheopeningsentencesofErnestHemingway'sTheOldManandtheSea,TheDark,andHerman.
IfIwasadeterminedspeedreader,Iwouldneverhavethetimetoappreciatethesebeautifulpassages.AndI'dneverhavethetimetosavorthedevelopmentofacharacterlikeRhettButler,theGreatGatsbyorCaptainAhab.Goodwritersmustbereadcarefullyandthoughtfullytobefullyappreciated.
Tocarrythequestionoftheneedforrapidreadingabitfurther,let'sconsiderthetechnicaloreducationalmaterialmostofusmustreadforourjobs.Ifyouworkinatechnicalfield—andmostbusinessandprofessionalpeopledo—you'dbetterreadslowlyandcarefully.Almostallbusinessestodayaresubjecttofederalregulationstosomedegree.IfyoumustreadtheFederalRegister,theCodeofFederalRegulations,theOSHAHandbookorothertechnicalmaterialsrelateddirectlytoyourjob,I'durgeyoutotakeyourtime.Amisreadingcouldbecostlyordamagingtoyourfirm.Ontheotherhand,newspapers,newsmagazinesandotherpublicationsshouldbereadwithsomedegreeofspeed.Here'swhereageneralknowledgeofspeedreadingtechniquesmightbeuseful.Especiallysincethatisthemostcommontypeofreadingwedo.
Anyonecanimprovetheirreadingefficiently.Todoso,youmustlearnsomebasictechniquesandthenconsciouslyapplythem.Perhapsanexpensivecoursewouldhelpyou,butaninexpensivepaperbackandconcentratedpracticemightprovideasmuchlong-termbenefit.Inanycase,youlosenothingbytryingtheself-helpapproach.
Question:Technicalmaterialsshouldbereadcarefullybecause_________.
A:theyareusuallydifficulttounderstand
B:theyarerelatedtofederalregulations
C:theyareanuncommontypeofreading
D:amisreadingmaydoharmtoyourwork
正确答案:
(单选题)7:Fromthemomentthatananimalisbornithastomakedecisions.Ithastodecidewhichofthethingsarounditareforeating,andwhicharetobeavoided;whentoattackandwhentorunaway.Theanimalis,ineffect,playingacomplicatedandpotentiallyverydangerousgamewithitsenvironment,discomfortordestruction.
Thisisadifficultandunpleasantbusinessandfewanimalswouldsurviveiftheyhadtostartfromthebeginningandlearnabouttheworldwhollybytrialanderror,fortherearetoomanypossibledecisionswhichwouldprovefatal.Sowefind,inpractice,thatthegameisalwaysarrangedinfavoroftheyounganimalinonewayoranother.Eithertheanimalisprotectedduringtheearlystagesofitslearningabouttheworldaroundit,ortheknowledgeofwhichwaytorespondisbuiltintoitsnervoussystemfromthestart.
Thefactthatanimalsbehavesensiblycanbeattributedpartlytowhatwemightcallgeneticlearning,todistinguishitfromindividuallearningthatananimaldoesinthecauseofitsownlifetime.Geneticlearningislearningbyaspeciesasawhole,anditisachievedbyselectionofthosemembersofeachgenerationthathappentobehaveintherightway.However,geneticlearningdependsuponapredictionthatthefuturewillmoreorlessexactlyresemblethepast.Themorevariableindividualexperienceislikelytobe,thelessefficientisgeneticlearningasameansofgettingovertheproblemsofthesurvivalgame.Itisnotsurprisingtofindthatveryfewspeciesindeeddependwhollyupongeneticlearning.Inthegreatmajorityofanimals,behaviorisacompoundofindividualexperienceandgeneticlearningtobehaveinparticularways.
Question:"Geneticlearning"refersto________.
A:learningafterananimalisborn
B:learningobtainedbysomemembersofeachgenerationwhohappentobehaveproperly
C:learninggainedbyallthemembersinaspecies
D:learninggainedbyyounganimalsfromtheirexperience
正确答案:
(单选题)8:Hecamebacklate,____whichtimealltheguestshadalreadyleft.
A:after
B:by
C:at
D:during
正确答案:
(单选题)9:Thecompanyissmallbutpromising.____,I'lltakethejob.
A:Insomecases
B:Incase
C:Inthatcase
D:Inanycase
正确答案:
(单选题)10:AnyonemeetingMatthewDanielsforthefirsttimecouldeasilyassumethatheistheproductofaconventional,evenprivilegedchildhood.Withhiswell-spokenmanner,hisIvyLeagueeducation,andhisbusinesscardreading"President,MassachusettsFamilyInstitute,"Mr.DanielsisthepictureofyouthfulAmericansuccess.
ButDanielscantellastorythatrefutesthoseassumptionsabouthischildhood.Hisfatherabandonedthefamilywhenhewas2.Hismothertookajobasasecretary.Butonherwayhomeoneeveningshewasmugged,sustaininginjuriesthateventuallyleftherunabletowork,thefamilywentonwelfare.
GrowingupinNewYork'sSpanishHarliem,Danielswasoneofonlyfourwhitestudentsuntilninthgrade.Despiteadifficultenvironment,hestayedoutoftrouble.HeevenwonafullscholarshiptoDartmouthCollege,graduatingin1985.
Howdidhedoit?Hecreditshismother'sreligiousfaith."It'swhyIdidn'tendupliketheguysinmyneighborhood,"hesays."Somewenttoprison."Althoughhisfather,awriter,didn'tsupportthefamily,hemaintainedcontactwithhisson,emphasizingtheimportanceofbooksandeducation.
Becauseofhisexperience,Danielshasbecomeapassionateadvocateofthetwo-parentfamily.Heseesitasaninstitutionunderculturalsiege,generallysupportedby"thepersoninthestreet"buttoooftendismissedbythoseinacademicandmediacircles.
Someofthegroups,hesays,havemiscalculatedthesocialconsequencesof"tryingtoconvincepeoplethatthereareallsortsof"alternativefamilyforms.Evenduringlawschool,heencounteredprofessorswhowere"openlyhostiletotheideathatweneedtwo-parentfamiliestohaveahealthysociety."
Reportersandacademicsmaynotbetheonlyonesambivalentaboutmarriage.Anewstudyofcollegetextbooksfindsthatmanytextsonmarriagepaintapessimisticview.Theyemphasizedivorceanddomesticviolence,thereportsays,andfocusfarmoreonadultrelationshipsandproblemsthanonchildren'sneeds.
Question:Accordingtothepassage,Danielsisa__________man.
A:successful
B:conventional
C:privileged
D:unfortunate
正确答案:
(单选题)11:Thehouseisdark.TheBrowns____tobed.
A:maygo
B:shouldgo
C:shouldhavegone
D:musthavegone
正确答案:
(单选题)12:Afterthisfirstburstofcreativeenergy,theAmericanswentalong,NorthandSouth,foraboutacenturywithlittlechangeintheirnaming-habits.BiblicalnamescontinuedtogivecolorinNewEngland,butelsewhereitwasparticularlytruewithwomen'snames,inthemiddleandsoutherncolonies,andtheexcessiveuseofElizabeth,Ann,Mary,andSarahwasonlysavedbythealsoliberaluseofvariationssuchasBetsy,Sally,Nanny,Nancy,andMolly.
ThegreatGermanimmigrationoftheearlyeighteenthcenturyhadsomeinfluence.Johann,oftenshortenedtoHans,wasbyfarthecommonestnameamongtheseGermans,withJocobandHeinrichfollowing.ExceptwherepeoplecontinuedtotalkGerman,thesenameswererapidlyAnglicized,andsoincreasedthepopularityofJohn,Jocob,andHenry.TheScotch-IrishimmigrationalsoexertedaninfluencebybuildingupthealreadypopularJames,andaddingAlexanderandArchibald.
About1740theuseofmiddlenamesbegantogrow.ProbablytheGermanshadsomeinfluencehere,fortheygenerally,evenasimmigrants,boretwogivennames,ofwhichthefirstwasusuallyJohann.Anotherstronginfluencewasfamilypride,whichledtothedesiretopreservethemother'sfamilyname.Purelypractical,asthetownsgrewlarger,wastheneedtodistinguishamanmoreclearlyfromothersbearingthesamenames.Oncestarted,thecustomgrewsteadilytopopularityuntilby1850themanwithoutamiddlenamewasinasmallminority,ashehassinceremained.TheuseofthemiddlenamesoonproducedanothertypicalAmericanhabit.Sincethefullsignatureofthreenameswastoolongforpracticalpurposes,menbegantousemerelythemiddleinitial,andeventuallythetypicalAmericanwasJohnQ.Public.
InEngland,ontheotherhand,suchaformisnotused.AnEnglishmanhastobeJ.Q.Public,J.QincyPublic,orJohnQuicyPublic.
Question:About1740,________.
A:theGermansbegantousetwogivennames
B:theGermansbecamepracticalanduseddifferentnames
C:theGermanslikedtopreservethemother'sfamilyname
D:theGermans'habitofusingmiddlenamesbegantoinfluencethenaminghabitinAmerica
正确答案:
(单选题)13:Thechildrenweresurprisedwhentheteacherhadthem____theirbooksunexpectedly.
A:closed
B:toclose
C:closing
D:close
正确答案:
(单选题)14:Theyallreturnedtothevillage____thatthedangerwasover.
A:convincing
B:convinced
C:toconvince
D:havingconvinced
正确答案:
(单选题)15:Fortytosixtypercentofgeneticallymodifiedorganismsarefindingtheirwaytotheproducedepartments.Thatprocessinvolvestakingagenefromoneplantoranimalandputtingitinanother."Sonow,wemakethesechangesinthelaboratoryandputthesechangesbackintocornbythenewtechnology,"Dr.CurtisHannahsaid.NotallconsumersarepleasedthatresearchersaretinkeringwithfoodthatfindsitswaytoAmericandinnertables.Opponentssaythatsomeproduceislacedwithpesticidetomakethemdrugresistant.LabelingadvocateJodetteGreensaidthatfoodsthathavebeengeneticallyengineeredneedtobelabeled.AMassachusettswatchdoggroupsaidthatalocalsupermarketchainissellingapancakemixcontaininggeneticallyengineeredingredientsthataren'tlistedonthelabel.NewsCenter5'sRhondellaRichardsonreportsthatMassPIRGlauncheditsSafeFoodCampaignonThursday,callingforaccuratelabelingandbettertestingofgeneticallymodifiedfood.MassPIRGsaidthatpackagesofShaw'sPancakeMixcontainGMfood,buttheyaren'tlabeledassuch."There'snoinfoaboutthepotentiallydangerousDNAcontainedinthispancakemix,"JillRubinofMassPIRGsaidatanafternoonpressconferenceCerealandmanysoyandcornproductsaregeneticallymodified,buttheyoftendon'tsaysoonthelabel.Therearenotrulesorregulationsrequiringsuchinformationonnutritionlabels.MassPIRGbelievesthatchildhoodearandsinusinfectionscouldsoonbeincurableandthattheconsumptionofgeneticallyengineeredfoodcreatesmorefoodallergies.Shaw'spancakemixhasnotcausedanyknownhealthproblems,butmanyfeelthatbetterlabelingshouldn'tbetoohardforastoretoswallow."Iwanttoknowwhat'sineverythingIbuy,"shopperAlexanderGriecosaid."Ihavehighbloodpressureandhighcholesterol."MassPIRGtargetedShaw'sSupermarketsinitscampaignbecausetheShaw'sparentcompanyinLondonhasvoluntarilyremovedallgeneticallyengineeredingredientsfromitsstorebrandproducts.AlocalShaw'sspokespersonsaidthatinEngland,therewasalackofdirectionfromthegovernmentonwhattodowhenconsumersquestionedproductsafety.TheFoodandDrugAdministrationhasfoundnothingunsafesofar,andShaw'sawaitsdirectionfromtheFDAbeforeanyproductisrecalled.
Question:Itcanbeinferredfromthetextthat__________.
A:cerealandmanysoyandcornproductsaregeneticallymodifiedbutthefactisnevermadeknowntoconsumers
B:foodallergiesmightbecausedbyconsuminggeneticallyengineeredfood
C:consumersdon'tcareaboutthegeneticallyengineeredingredients
D:theE
正确答案:
(单选题)16:Whentherearesmallchildrenaround,itisnecessarytoputbottlesofpillsoutof____.
A:hand
B:hold
C:place
D:reach
正确答案:
(单选题)17:AlsoservingtoproduceadistinctiveusagewasthepracticeofdistinguishingasonfromafatherbytheuseofJunior.ThistypicallyAmericanpracticebeganinthemiddleoftheeighteenthcenturywhenmostgentlemenhadsomeknowledgeofLatinandwerefamiliarwiththeuseofthetermJunior,translatedoftenintoEnglishas"theyounger,"asappliedtosuchLatinworthiesasCatoandPliny.Thepracticewassowellestablishedby1776thatthreesignersoftheDeclarationaddedtheJr.Agai.Britishcustomhasbeendifferent;thesecondofapairofgreatstatesmenisknownasWilliamPitt,theyounger.
Stillanotherimportantmovementbeginningaround1750wastheriseofthenameCharles.Earlier,CharlesishardlyfoundatallinNewEngland,andisrareintheothercolonies.Afterthatitsgrowthwasnotonlysteadybutevenspectacular.By1850ithadbecomeoneofthecommonestnames,andithasremainedclosetothetopsincethattime.Itscuriousnickname,Chuck,istypicallyAmerican.
AlmostatanequalpacewiththeriseofCharles,theuseofBiblicalnames,eveninNewEngland,begantofalloff.Ebenezer,andevenSamuelandBenjamin,cametohaveaboutthemanold-fashionedaura. 答案来源www.openhelp100.com
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Thefactsareclearenough;thecausesremainobscure.Immigrationprobablyhadlittletodowithsuchchanges.Englishinfluence,attheideallevel,mayhavehelpedthegrowthofCharles.Duringthesesamedecadesthenamewasincreasinginpopularitythere,whereSirCharlesGrandisonwasamuchreadnovelandBoniePrinceCharliehadgiventhenamearenewedvogueamongthosewhostillheldsentimentallytotheStuarts.ButmostoftheothernewdevelopmentsseemtobewhollynativeandeventoruncountertoBritishpractice.
Question:Whichofthefollowingistrueintheendoftheeighteenthcentury?
A:TheuseofBiblicalnamesremainedpopular.
B:ThegrowinguseofnamessuchasEbenezerandSamuelshowedaninterestinreligion.
C:Samuel,BenjaminandEbenezerwerenamesnolongerusedbypeople.
D:NamessuchasEbenezerbecameold-fashioned.
正确答案:
(单选题)18:Heoftenwrotetothewriters____hethoughtwouldhelphimto
becomeawriter,too.
A:whom
B:who
C:when
D:because
正确答案:
(单选题)19:California-bornandStanford-educated,JohnSteinbeckgainedprominenceduringtheGreatDepressionofthe1930sasanovelistwhocombinedthemesofsocialprotestwithabenignviewofhumannatureandabiologicalinterpretationofhumanexperience,acombinationthatgainedhimwidepopularityandprovidedthebasisforacareernotonlyinfictionbutalsoinjournalism,thetheater,andfilms.
JohnErnstSteinbeck,Jr.,wasbornin1902,intheSalinasValley,whosescenery,agriculturalworkers,andne'er-do-wellpaisanosappearfrequentlyinhisfiction.HisfatherwastreasurerofMontereyCounty,andhismotherwasaformerschoolteacher.TheirlibraryintroducedhimearlytosuchstandardauthorsasMilton,Dostoevsky,Flaubert,GeorgeEliot,andThomasHardy.Hewasacontributortotheschoolnewspaper,avarsityathlete,andpresidentofhisgraduatingclassinhighschool,andheattendedStanfordUniversitysporadicallybetween1920and1925,majoringinEnglish,butneverfinishedthedegree.HeworkedonranchesandonaroadgangbeforetryingfutilelytoestablishhimselfasawriterduringabriefstayinNewYorkCityin1926,andheworkedinaCaliforniafishhatcheryandcampedintheSierrasbeforepublishinghisfirstnovel,CupofGold,in1929.InthoseyearshereadD.H.Lawrence,WillaCather,SherwoodAnderson,andparticularlythenovelistsJamesBranchCabelland,Hemingwaywithenthusiasm,buthisperennialinterestsweretheclassicsofContinentalliteratureandtheancienthistorians.
In1930hemarriedandmovedtoPacificGrove,California,wherehisfatherprovidedahouseandsmallallowancetosupporthim.TwounsuccessfulnovelstreatingtheenchantmentoftheAmericanDreamandthecostofpursuingit(ThePasturesofHeaven,1932,andToaGodUnknown,1933)precededhisfirstsuccesses,TortillaFlatin1935andInDubiousBattlein1936.Thefirstwasanepisodic,warmlyhumoroustreatmentofabandofpaisanos(amixtureofSpanish,Indian,andCaucasianstrands).Theirpicturesqueandshiftlessways,naiveaffectionfortheirchurch,mysticalappreciationofnature,andloyaltytotheirbandaregiventheairoflegendandlikenedtothetalesofKingArthur'sRoundTable.Theseconddealswithastrikeamongfruitpickers,itsdefeatbythelandownerswiththeirvigilantes,andtheeffortsofcommunistorganizersfirsttoorganizethestrikeandthentoexploittheworkers.
Question:Steinbeck'sfirstsuccessasawriterwas________.
A:CupofGold
B:ThePasturesofHeaven
C:ToaGodUnknown
D:TortillaFlat
正确答案:
(单选题)20:Therearenoseats____forthosewhoarelatefortheshow.
A:available
B:enough
C:supplied
D:make
正确答案:
(单选题)21:Thereusedtobeachurchbehindthecemetery,____?
A:didn’tthere
B:usedthere
C:usedn’tit
D:didn’tit
正确答案:
(单选题)22:Thetripwillbe____tillnextweekbecauseofthebadweather.
A:putout
B:putoff
C:puton
D:putup
正确答案:
(单选题)23:Itisnoteasy____theanswertothedifficultmathproblem.
A:tofigureout
B:figuringout
C:figureout
D:beingfiguredout
正确答案:
(单选题)24:Marynevertellsanyonewhatshedoesfora____.
A:job
B:work
C:profession
D:living
正确答案:
(单选题)25:Afterthisfirstburstofcreativeenergy,theAmericanswentalong,NorthandSouth,foraboutacenturywithlittlechangeintheirnaming-habits.BiblicalnamescontinuedtogivecolorinNewEngland,butelsewhereitwasparticularlytruewithwomen'snames,inthemiddleandsoutherncolonies,andtheexcessiveuseofElizabeth,Ann,Mary,andSarahwasonlysavedbythealsoliberaluseofvariationssuchasBetsy,Sally,Nanny,Nancy,andMolly.
ThegreatGermanimmigrationoftheearlyeighteenthcenturyhadsomeinfluence.Johann,oftenshortenedtoHans,wasbyfarthecommonestnameamongtheseGermans,withJocobandHeinrichfollowing.ExceptwherepeoplecontinuedtotalkGerman,thesenameswererapidlyAnglicized,andsoincreasedthepopularityofJohn,Jocob,andHenry.TheScotch-IrishimmigrationalsoexertedaninfluencebybuildingupthealreadypopularJames,andaddingAlexanderandArchibald.
About1740theuseofmiddlenamesbegantogrow.ProbablytheGermanshadsomeinfluencehere,fortheygenerally,evenasimmigrants,boretwogivennames,ofwhichthefirstwasusuallyJohann.Anotherstronginfluencewasfamilypride,whichledtothedesiretopreservethemother'sfamilyname.Purelypractical,asthetownsgrewlarger,wastheneedtodistinguishamanmoreclearlyfromothersbearingthesamenames.Oncestarted,thecustomgrewsteadilytopopularityuntilby1850themanwithoutamiddlenamewasinasmallminority,ashehassinceremained.TheuseofthemiddlenamesoonproducedanothertypicalAmericanhabit.Sincethefullsignatureofthreenameswastoolongforpracticalpurposes,menbegantousemerelythemiddleinitial,andeventuallythetypicalAmericanwasJohnQ.Public.
InEngland,ontheotherhand,suchaformisnotused.AnEnglishmanhastobeJ.Q.Public,J.QincyPublic,orJohnQuicyPublic.
Question:Intheearlyeighteenthcentury,themostpopularnameusedbytheGermanimmigrantswas________.
A:Jocob
B:Heinrich
C:Henry
D:Hans
正确答案:
答案来源www.openhelp100.com
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