作业辅导 发表于 2020-4-29 09:55:16

北语20春《阅读（II）》作业1

试卷名称20春《阅读（II）》作业1
1.GeorgeAshmoreFitchwasborninSoochowChinain1883thesonofPresbyterianmissionariesGeorgeF.andMaryMcLllanFitch.AfterreceivinghisB.A.fromWoosterCollegein1906FitchattendedUnionTheologicalSeminaryinNewYork.Hewasmadeapriestin1909andreturnedtoworkinShanghai.WhentheNankingMassacreoccurredFitchwasoneofthewitnessesofthecrime.HequicklybecameactiveinassistingtheInternatinalCommittenfortheNankingSafetyZone.FitchsdiaryofeventsofNankingwascarriedtoShanghaibythefirstpersonabletoleavetheNankingafteritsoccupationbytheJapaneseonDecember131937.AsFitchhaswritten&quotMystorycreatedasensationinShanghaiforitwasthefirstnewsofwhathadhappenedinthecapitalsinceitsevacuationanditwascopiedandmimeographedandwidelydistributedthere.&quotFitchsNankingdiaryhasbeenpublishedpreviouslybuttheversionofhisdiaryavailableintheYalecollectiondiffersslightlyfromthewellpublicizedversionsoexcerptsfromithavebeenincludedinthisvolume.In1938FitchtraveledthroughouttheUnitedStatesgivingtalksabouttheNankingMassacreandshowingfilmstodocumentit.HereturnedtoworkfirstinChinaandtheninKoreaandChinasTaiwanuntilhisretirementin1961.问题：WhichofthefollowingisnottrueaboutG.A.Fitch?
北京语言大学
在线作业
A.bothofhisparentsweremissionaries
B.hewasborninChina
C.hereceivedhiseducationinChina
D.hewasmadeapriestinhistwenties
答案
2.Aftertrackingthegroupforsixyearsresearchersfoundthatshortsleeptimehadahighcorrelationwith(mortality).
A.health
B.deathrate
C.longevity
D.disease
答案
3.Myfatherwas17whenheleftthefarminCameronN.C.andsetoffforBaltimoretoapplyforajobattheMartinAircraftCompany.Whenaskedwhathewantedtodohesaid&quotEverything.&quotHeexplainedthathisgoalwastolearneveryjobinthefactory.He＇dliketogotoadepartmentandfindoutwhatwasdonethere.Whenthesupervisordeterminedhisworkwasasgoodasanyoneelse＇she＇dwanttogotoadifferentdepartmentandstartover.ThepersonnelpeopleagreedtothisunusualrequestandbythetimeH.T.Morriswas20he＇dmadehiswaythroughthehugefactoryandwasworkinginexperimentaldesignforafantasticsalary.Wheneverhewenttoanewdepartmenthelookedfortheguyswhohadbeenaroundforever.Thesewerethepeoplenovicesusuallyavoidedafraidthatnexttothemthey＇dlooklikethebeginnerstheywere.Myfatheraskedthemeveryquestionhecouldthinkof.Theylikedthisinquisitiveyoungmanandshowedhimshortcutstheyhaddevelopedthatnooneelsehadeveraskedabout.Thesesagesbecamehismentors.Whateveryourgoalsplantonetworkwiththosewhoknowmorethanyou.Modelyoureffortsontheirsadjustingandimprovingasyougo.问题：Therequestmadebytheauthor＇sfatherwasregardedbythepersonneldepartmentas（）.
A.nature
B.strange
C.unacceptable
D.overreaching
答案
4.Hemingwaywasbornin1899inOakParkIllinoisaprosperoussuburbofChicago.Hisfatheraphysicianwasanenthusiastichunterandfishemanwhotaughthissontohandlearodandagun.Hemingwaysrespectfortheseskillsandhisloveoftheopenairrunthroughhiswriting.Hehastiredtocapturethepointofviewactionsfeelingsandspeechofmenwhoexcelintheactivitiesheadmires.InschoolHemingwaywasagoodstudentwithawiderangeofinterestsbeyondtheclassroom.Hewasknownasaboxerafootballplayeramemberoftheswimmingteamandmanagerofthetrackteam.For3yearsheplayedintheschoolorchestra.Butmuchofhisactivitywasconnectedwithwordswhichweretobehislifelongpreoccupation.Firstasreporterthenaseditorhegainedexperienceontheschoolpapertowhichhecontributedarticlesandstories.WhenHemingwaygraduatedfromhighschoolin1917WorldWarIwasstillbeingfought.AfterafewmonthsasareporterontheKansasCityStarhesailedforEuropeinMay1918asavolunteerambulancedriverandlatertransferredtotheItalianinfantry.Twoweeksbeforehis19thbirthdayalegwoundbroughthimclosetodeath.WaranddeathhavebeenrecurrentthemesinHemingwayswriting.Ofwarhehassaid&quotIthoughtaboutTolstoiandaboutwhatagreatadvantageanexperienceofwarwastoawriter.Itwasoneofthemajorsubjectsandcertainlyoneofthehardesttowritetrulyof...&quot问题：agoodtitleforthepassageis()
A.HemingwaysInterestinWriting
B.TheSubjectsforHemingwaysWriting
C.TheLifeofYoungHemingway
D.HemingwaysUnderstandingofWar
答案
5.MostAmericansthinkthaticecreamisasAmericanasbaseballandapplepie.ButicecreamwasknownlongbeforeAmericanwasdiscovered.TheRomanemperorNeromayhavemadeakingoficecream.Hehiredhundredsofmentobringsnowandicefromthemountains.Heusedittomakecolddrinks.TravelerMarcoPolobroughtbackrecipesforchilledandfrozenmilkfromChina.HundredsofyearslatericecreamreachedEngland.ItissaidthatKingCharlesIenjoyedthattreatverymuch.Thereisastorythathebribedhiscooktokeeptherecipeforicecreamaroyalsecret.Todayicecreamisknownthroughouttheworld.Americansaloneeatmorethantwobillionquartsayear.问题：Morethan2billionquartsoficecreamhavebeeneaten()
A.byAmericansinoneyear
B.allovertheworldinoneyear
C.sincethetimeofNero
D.sinceAmericawasdiscovered
答案
6.Anamazinglyprecisebiologicalclockwithinusregulatessleepandwakingandalso(synchronizes)avastarrayofbiochemicaleventsinourbodies.
A.regulatesafterwards
B.worksoffinanefficientway
C.causes…tooccuratthesametime
D.supervisesclosely
答案
7.Theywerereports(compiled)byalliedsecretserviceagents.
A.gathered
B.copied
C.sent
D.created
答案
8.Astronomers（天文学家）cantelljusthowhotthesurfaceofthemoongets.Thesideofthemoontowardthesungetstwodegreeshotterthanboilingwater（沸水）.Thenightsidereaches243degreesbelowzero（零度）.Inaneclipse（月蚀）theearthsshadowfallsonthemoon.Thenthemoonstemperaturemaydrop300degreesinaveryshorttime.Atemperaturechangelikethiscannothappenontheearth.Whydoesithappenonthemoon?Astronomersthinkthatthesurfaceofthemoonisdust.Ontheearthrocksstoreheatfromthesun.Whenthesungoesdowntherocksstaywarm.Butthedustofthemooncannotstoreheat.Sowhenthemoongetsdarktheheatescapesquickly.Themoongetsverycold.问题：Duringaneclipsethemoonis()
A.turnedawayfromthesun
B.intheshadowofthesun
C.intheshadowoftheearth
D.indirectsunlight
答案
9.NoonethoughtofanythingevenalittlebitlikethezipperuntilWhitecombL.Judsoncamealong.Therewerebuttonsandbuttonholeshooksandeyeslacesandbuckles.Theyalltookanirritatinglylongtimetodoupespeciallywhenmenworehighlacedbootsandfashionableladiessqueezedthemselvesintolongcorsets.WhitecombL.Judson＇sslidefastenerwasanoutoftheblueinventionandnooneknowswhatgavehimtheidea.NooneevenknowsmuchabouthimexceptthathewasamechanicalengineerlivinginChicagoandthathepatentedotherinventionstodowithastreetrailwaysystemandmotorcars.Judsoninventedthefirstzipper(calledatthetimeaClaspLockerorUnlocker)in1891.Thisingeniouslittledevicelookssosimpleandtheprinciplebehinditissimpleonerowofhooksandeyesslottingneatlyintoanotherrowbymeansofatab.Yetittook22yearsmanyimprovementsandanotherinventortomakethezipperreallypractical.问题：Theword&quotingenious&quotmeans()
A.clever
B.admirable
C.important
D.useful
答案
10.Twobasicmodelsofparentalinfluenceemergefromallthiscompetitionandvarietyhowever.OnelooselybasedonFreudianideashaspresentedanimageofthevulnerablechildchildrenaresensitivebeingseasilydamagednotonlybytraumaticeventsandemotionalstressbutalsobyoverdosesofaffection.The2ndmodelisthatofthebehavioristswhoseintellectualancestorstheempiricistphilosophersdescribedthechildsmindasatabularasaorblankslate.ThebehavioristmodelofchildrearingisbasedontheviewthatthechildismalleableandparentsarethereforecastintheroleofPygmalionswhocanshapetheirchildrenhowevertheywish.&quotGivemeadozenhealthyinfantswellformedandmyownspecifiedworldtobringthemupin&quotwroteJ.B.Watsonthefatherofmodernbehaviorism&quotandIllguaranteetotakeanyoneatrandomandtrainhimtobeanytypeofspecialistImightdoctorlawyerartistmerchantchiefandyesevenbeggarmanandthief!&quotTheimageofthevulnerablechildcallsforgentleparentswhoaresensitivetotheirchildsinnermostthoughtsandfeelingsinordertoprotecthimfromtrauma.Theimageofthemalleablechildrequiresstemparentswhocoollyfollowthedictatesoftheirownexplicittrainingproceduresnlytheearlyeradicationofbadhabitsineatingsleepingcryingcanfendoffpermanentmaladjustments.问题：Theimageofthemalleablechildneedsparentswhoare()
A.tender
B.sensitive
C.moderate
D.strict
答案
11.LastDecember22apickuptruckslidonanicybridgeovertheElizabethRivernearPortsmouthandslammedintotheguardrailwhereworkerswereremovingscaffoldingfromapavingproject.TheimpactthrewCornellTaylor43morethan70feetintothefrigidwaterbelow.NearbyJosephG.Brisson36wasinthewheelhouseofhistugboat.Heandhiscrewweretalkingabouttheupcomingholidayswhensuddenlytheirchatterwasinterruptedbyanurgentvoice&quotMandown!&quotBrissonsawTaylorhitthewater.&quotHewentdownafewtimesandallIsawwasahand.&quotRealizingtherewasnotimetowaitforrescuecrewsBrissontookoffhisshoesandhandedhiswallettoacoworkerthenjumpedfeetfirstintothe40degreewater.SwimmingtoTaylorBrissonhelpedthedisorientedmangethisfaceabovewater.&quotItoldhimIwasnotgoingtolethimgothatifhewentIwasgoingwithhim.&quotTherivercurrentwasfreezing.&quotIcouldntfeelmylegsarmsorhands&quotBrissonsaid.HelockedhislegsaroundTaylorswaistandkepttheinjuredmanfloatandtalking.&quotItoldhimweweregoingtobeallrightthatwewerebothgoingtoenjoyChristmas.&quotFinallyafterabout30minutesinthewaterthemenwerepulledtosafety.Callinghimself&quotanormalJoe&quotBrissonsays&quotIhaveafamily.Ithoughtaboutthat.ButIthoughtabouthowlifeisveryimportantIcouldntletanythinghappentohim.&quot问题：BycallinghimselfanormalJoeBrissonmeansthat()
A.heiswillingtosacrificehimselfforothers
B.heisafamilyman
C.heisanordinaryman
D.heknowsthevalueoflife
答案
12.Copper(铜)wasthefirstmetalthatmanlearnedtomake.Insomemountainouslandstherewererocksstreakedwithgreenminerals.Onedaysomerockswereaccidentallyheatedbyaroaringfire.Whenthefireburnedlowlittlebeadsofcopperwereseenontherockwall.Afterthatmenheatedtherockdeliberatelytoseewhethermorecopperwouldappear.Theysoonfoundagoodwaytomakecopper.Theywouldbuildatrenchonahillsideandfillitwithcharcoalandcopperbearingrock.Theycoveredthisfurnacewithflatstones.Theystartedawoodfiretoheatthecharcoalandthehotcharcoalreleasedcopperfromtherock.Ahotredpoolofmeltedmetalformedatthemouthofthetrench.Whenitwascoolthesolidmetalcouldbeliftedoutandcutandpoundedintoshapes.问题：Thefirstcopperwasprobablymadeby（）    奥鹏作业答案请联系QQ515224986
A.experimenting
B.accident
C.someonedeliberatelybuildingafire
D.someonewhoknewthattherewascopperintherock
答案
13.Myfatherwas17whenheleftthefarminCameronN.C.andsetoffforBaltimoretoapplyforajobattheMartinAircraftCompany.Whenaskedwhathewantedtodohesaid&quotEverything.&quotHeexplainedthathisgoalwastolearneveryjobinthefactory.He＇dliketogotoadepartmentandfindoutwhatwasdonethere.Whenthesupervisordeterminedhisworkwasasgoodasanyoneelse＇she＇dwanttogotoadifferentdepartmentandstartover.ThepersonnelpeopleagreedtothisunusualrequestandbythetimeH.T.Morriswas20he＇dmadehiswaythroughthehugefactoryandwasworkinginexperimentaldesignforafantasticsalary.Wheneverhewenttoanewdepartmenthelookedfortheguyswhohadbeenaroundforever.Thesewerethepeoplenovicesusuallyavoidedafraidthatnexttothemthey＇dlooklikethebeginnerstheywere.Myfatheraskedthemeveryquestionhecouldthinkof.Theylikedthisinquisitiveyoungmanandshowedhimshortcutstheyhaddevelopedthatnooneelsehadeveraskedabout.Thesesagesbecamehismentors.Whateveryourgoalsplantonetworkwiththosewhoknowmorethanyou.Modelyoureffortsontheirsadjustingandimprovingasyougo.问题：Theauthor＇sfatherappliedforajobattheMartinAircraftCompanyandhisgoalwas()
A.tobeagoodworkerwithaspecialknowledgeabouthiswork
B.todoeverythingassignedhimwillingly
C.tobeabletodowhateverjobtherewasinthefactory
D.tobeagoodsupervisorhimselfinthefuture
答案
14.Atthe1908OlympicsinLondontheMarathonracewasheldonaveryhotday.TheracestartedatWindsorCastleoneofthehomesoftheRoyalFamilysothattheRoyalchildrencouldseetherunnersleave.Theracewasplannedtocontinuefor26miles385yards(42195metres)nowtheaccepteddistanceforthisraceintoCentralLondon.Becauseofthegreatheathowevermanyrunnershadtogiveupbeforetheycouldfinishtherace.TowardstheendthelargecrowdwaitedwithgreatexcitementfortheSouthAfricanCharlesHefferontocomeintothestadiumfirst.Theyweresurprisedhoweverwhenthe1stmantoappearwasthesmallItalianPietriDorando.Dorandowasbynowextremelytiredandweakandashewasrunningroundthestadiumtowardsthefinishinglinehefelltothegroudunabletocontinue.Doctorsrushedtohelphimandhesoongottohisfeetandcontinuedwithloudcheersfromthecrowd.Ashecameclosetothelinehehadtobehelpedagainthistimebyajournalistbutfinallyhefinishedtherace.Hewasnotofcourseallowedtoreceivethegoldbecausehehadhadhelpduringtherace.AfterwardsDorandoarguedunsuccessfullythathehadnotaskedforthishelp.ButthemedalwasgiventoanAmericanHayeswhohadfinishedsecond.HoweverDorandolaterreceivedaspecialgoldcupfromQueenAlexandraforhiscourage.问题：Dorandolaterreceivedaspecialgoldcupbecauseofhis()
A.topspeed
B.fairplay
C.greatcourage
D.successfulargument
答案
15.NoonethoughtofanythingevenalittlebitlikethezipperuntilWhitecombL.Judsoncamealong.Therewerebuttonsandbuttonholeshooksandeyeslacesandbuckles.Theyalltookanirritatinglylongtimetodoupespeciallywhenmenworehighlacedbootsandfashionableladiessqueezedthemselvesintolongcorsets.WhitecombL.Judson＇sslidefastenerwasanoutoftheblueinventionandnooneknowswhatgavehimtheidea.NooneevenknowsmuchabouthimexceptthathewasamechanicalengineerlivinginChicagoandthathepatentedotherinventionstodowithastreetrailwaysystemandmotorcars.Judsoninventedthefirstzipper(calledatthetimeaClaspLockerorUnlocker)in1891.Thisingeniouslittledevicelookssosimpleandtheprinciplebehinditissimpleonerowofhooksandeyesslottingneatlyintoanotherrowbymeansofatab.Yetittook22yearsmanyimprovementsandanotherinventortomakethezipperreallypractical.问题：Agoodtitlefortheabovepassageis()
A.JudsontheInventor
B.HowtheZipperWorks
C.ThePrincipleoftheZipper
D.TheInventionoftheZipper
答案
16.Forafewminutessilence(reigned).
A.continued
B.prevailed
C.wasfelt
D.wasbroken
答案
17.Astronomers（天文学家）cantelljusthowhotthesurfaceofthemoongets.Thesideofthemoontowardthesungetstwodegreeshotterthanboilingwater（沸水）.Thenightsidereaches243degreesbelowzero（零度）.Inaneclipse（月蚀）theearthsshadowfallsonthemoon.Thenthemoonstemperaturemaydrop300degreesinaveryshorttime.Atemperaturechangelikethiscannothappenontheearth.Whydoesithappenonthemoon?Astronomersthinkthatthesurfaceofthemoonisdust.Ontheearthrocksstoreheatfromthesun.Whenthesungoesdowntherocksstaywarm.Butthedustofthemooncannotstoreheat.Sowhenthemoongetsdarktheheatescapesquickly.Themoongetsverycold.问题：Temperatureontheearthchange()
A.lessthanthoseonthemoon
B.moreslowlythanthoseonthemoon
C.morequicklythanthoseonthemoon
D.bothaandb
答案
18.The12thlunarmonthinChineseiscalledlayue(themonthtoworshipallthedeities).The8thdayofthe12thelunarmonthistheLabaFestival.ItistreatedasthebeginningoftheChineseholidayseason.AftertheLabaFestivalpeopleenterintothebusypreparationfortheLunarNewYear.ThemainactivityoftheLabaFestivaliscookingandsharingthespeciallabagruel(labazhou).MostpeoplebelieveithasacloserelationtoSakyamunitheBuddha.Helefthiscomfortablehomeandsetoffinsearchofthefinalenlightenment.AfterdaysoftravellingwithoutresthecollapsednearariverinnorthernIndia.Hewasrevivedbyawanderingshepherdesswhoofferedhimherlunchoffamilyleftoversconsistingofstickycerealglutinousricedateschestnutsandwildfruit.AfterconsumingthisrepastSakyamunitookabatchandsatunderatreeformeditationwherehefinallyattainedenlightenment.Theverydaywasthe8thdayofthelastlunarmonth.Themealwastheoriginallabagruel.问题：Sakyamuniateamealwhichwasmadeofallthefollowingexcept()
A.wildfruit
B.rice
C.cereal
D.meat
答案
19.Newmeasurementstakenfromsleepingpeopleexplainatleastinpartwhydreamstendtohavesuchbizarrebutvividstorylines.ThefindingsdealablowtotheFreudianinterpretationofdreamsbutleaveopenthepossibilitythatsomeusefulpersonalmeaningcanbeextractedfromthem.Themainpurposeofdreamshowevertheauthorsofthenewstudybelieveistotestwhetherthebrainhashadenoughsleepandifsotowakeitup.Thenewresultsshowthatinsleepthefrontallobesofthebrainareshutdown.Intheabsenceofactivityintheselobeswhichintegrateotherinformationandmakesenseoftheoutsideworldthesleepingbrainsimagesaredrivenbyitsemotionalcenters.Thecontentofthesedreamsmaybevividandgrippingbutlackscoherence.Thenewresultsareconsistentwiththetheorythatmemoriesareconsolidatedduringsleep.Fromthepatternofactivitythatwasrecorded&quotitseemsthatmemoriesalreadyinthesystemarebeingreadoutandfiledintermsoftheiremotionalsaliencewithisanextremelyinterestingidea&quotsaidDr.J.AllanHobsonofHarvardMedicalSchool.ThenewmeasurementsweremadebyapplyingthetechniqueknownasPETscanningtosleepingsubjects.ThebiologistsfocusedonthetwoformsofsleepknownasslowwavesleepandREMsleep.REMsleepsonamedbecauseoftherapideyeballmovementsthatoccurthentakespalceaboutfourtimesduringthenightandisthephasefromwhichthemostvividdreamsarerecalled.问题：Accordingtothepassageallofthefollowingaretureexceptthat()
A.thecontentofthedreamsisnotveryconsistentandseemsveryboring
B.thetechniquePETscanningleadsresearcherstofocusontwoformsofsleep
C.amanssleepcanhave2formsslowwavesleepandREMsleep
D.inREMsleeprapideyeballmovementsoccur
答案
20.TheinventorofspectaclesprobablylivedinthetownofParisItalyaround1286andwasalmostcertainlyacraftsmanworkinginglass.Butnobodyknowshisname.WeonlyknowthismuchabouthimbecauseFriarGiordanepreachedasermononeWednesdaymorninginFebruary1306atachurchinFlorence.&quotIt＇snotyet20yearssincetherewasfoundtheartofmakingeyeglasseswhichmakeforgoodvision&quotsaidtheFriar.&quotOneofthebestartsandmostnecessarythattheworldhas.Soshortatimeisitsincetherewasinventedanewartthatneverexisted.IhaveseenthemanwhofirstinventedandcreateditandIhavetalkedtohim.&quotWeknowwhatFriarGiordanesaidbecauseadmirerscopiedhissermonsdownashegavethem.Theinventorofspectaclesapparentlykeptthemethodofmakingthemtohimself.Perhapshethoughtthiswasthebestwayofgettingmoneyfromhisinvention.Buttheideasoongotaround.Asearlyas1300craftsmeninVenicethecentreofEurope＇sglassindustryweremakingthenew&quotdisksfortheeyes&quot.Spectaclesatfirstwereonlyshapedforfarsightedpeople.Concavelensesforshortsightedpeoplewerenotdevelopeduntilthelate15thcentury.Spectaclesallowedpeopletogoonreadingandstudyinglongafterbadeyesightwouldnormallyhaveforcedthemtogiveup.Theywerelikeanewpairofeyes.Theinventorofsuchavaluablethingshouldbehonoredeveryonethought.Butforcenturiesnoonehadanyideawhotheinventorreallywas.SoallkindsofcandidateswereputforwardDutchEnglishGermanItaliansfromrivalcities.AfakememorialwaserectedlastcenturyinachurchinFlorencetohonoramanasthetrueinventorofspectaclesbutheneverevenexisted.问题：Thefirstspectalcesweremadefor()
A.anyonewhohadaneyetrouble
B.thefarsighted
C.theshortsighted
D.boththefarsightedandtheshortsighted
答案

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